Shloka 20

गर्जित्वा सूतपुत्र त्वं शारदा भ्रमिवाफलम्‌ | निष्फलो दृश्यसे कर्ण तच्च राजा न बुध्यते

garjitvā sūtaputra tvaṃ śāradā bhramivāphalam | niṣphalo dṛśyase karṇa tacca rājā na budhyate ||

Sañjaya said: “Though you roar loudly, O son of a charioteer, you appear like an autumnal cloud that wanders yet yields no rain. O Karṇa, you seem fruitless in action—and the king does not understand this.”

गर्जित्वाhaving roared
गर्जित्वा:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootगर्ज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
सूतपुत्रO son of a charioteer
सूतपुत्र:
TypeNoun
Rootसूतपुत्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
शारदाautumnal
शारदा:
TypeAdjective
Rootशारद
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भ्रमिa whirlwind/whirling (thing)
भ्रमि:
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रमि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अफलम्fruitless
अफलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअफल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
निष्फलःineffective, fruitless
निष्फलः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिष्फल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दृश्यसेyou are seen/appear
दृश्यसे:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formलट्, आत्मनेपद, Second, Singular, कर्मणि (passive sense)
कर्णO Karna
कर्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तत्that (fact/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बुध्यतेunderstands, realizes
बुध्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
Formलट्, आत्मनेपद, Third, Singular, कर्तरि

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Educational Q&A

Mere loud claims and intimidating display are ethically empty if they do not translate into effective, responsible action; a ruler must discern real capability rather than be swayed by rhetoric or loyalty.

Sañjaya reports and critiques Karṇa’s conduct to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, using the image of a roaming autumn cloud that thunders but gives no rain to suggest that Karṇa’s bravado is not yielding tangible results in the war, while the king remains unaware or unwilling to accept it.