Shloka 31

Devanagari script

तमायान्तमभिप्रेक्ष्य युधिष्ठिरपुरोगमा:

Transliteration

tam āyāntam abhiprekṣya yudhiṣṭhira-purogamāḥ

Translation

Sañjaya said: Seeing him approaching, the party led by Yudhiṣṭhira looked on—alert to what his arrival might mean amid the moral strain and urgency of the war.

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आयान्तम्: coming/approaching
• आयान्तम्: Karma
• Type: Participle
• Root: या (आ + या)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, Present active (शतृ)

• अभिप्रेक्ष्य: having looked at / seeing
• Type: Gerund
• Root: प्रेक्ष् (अभि + प्रेक्ष्)
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय, ल्यप्)

• युधिष्ठिरपुरोगमाः: having Yudhiṣṭhira in front / led by Yudhiṣṭhira
• युधिष्ठिरपुरोगमाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युधिष्ठिरपुरोगम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

सयजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights mindful attention in moments of crisis: leaders and their followers must observe carefully and respond with discernment, especially when decisions in war carry heavy ethical consequences.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a scene where someone is seen approaching; the group with Yudhiṣṭhira at the forefront notices and watches him, setting up the next action or message in the unfolding battle narrative.