Shloka 5

अप्रियं सुमहत्‌ कृत्वा सिन्धुराज: किरीटिन: । चक्षुविषयमापन्न: कथं जीवितमाप्लनुयात्‌,सिंधुराज जयद्रथ किरीटधारी अर्जुनका महान्‌ अप्रिय करके जब उनकी आँखोंके सामने आ गया है, तब कैसे जीवित रह सकता है?

apriyaṃ sumahat kṛtvā sindhurājaḥ kirīṭinaḥ | cakṣu-viṣayam āpannaḥ kathaṃ jīvitam āplnuyāt ||

Sañjaya said: “Having done a very great wrong to Arjuna, the diadem-wearing hero, how could the king of Sindhu—Jayadratha—survive once he has come within Arjuna’s sight?”

अप्रियम्unpleasant (thing)
अप्रियम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सुमहत्very great
सुमहत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसुमहत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving done/made
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active, Non-finite
सिन्धुराजःthe king of Sindhu (Jayadratha)
सिन्धुराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिन्धुराज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किरीटिनःof the diadem-wearer (Arjuna)
किरीटिनः:
TypeNoun
Rootकिरीटिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
चक्षु-विषयम्the range/object of sight
चक्षु-विषयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचक्षुविषय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आपन्नःhaving come/arrived (fallen into)
आपन्नः:
TypeVerb
Rootआपद्
Formक्त (past passive participle, used actively here), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
जीवितम्life
जीवितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आप्लनुयात्could obtain/attain (i.e., survive)
आप्लनुयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootआप् + प्लु (or प्लव्)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Sindhurāja (Jayadratha)
A
Arjuna (Kirīṭin)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the moral logic of consequence in a dharmic war: a grave offense against a great warrior invites swift retribution, and once the wrongdoer is exposed (within the victim’s reach), survival becomes unlikely.

Sañjaya, narrating to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, remarks that Jayadratha has committed a major offense against Arjuna and has now come into Arjuna’s line of sight; therefore Sañjaya rhetorically doubts that Jayadratha can escape alive.