Shloka 3

त॑ मृथे वेगमास्थाय नृपा: परमधन्विन: । चोदितास्तव पुत्रैश्न सर्वत: पर्यवारयन्‌,उस समय आपके पुत्रोंद्वारा प्रेरित हुए बहुत-से महाधनुर्धर नरेशोंने महान्‌ वेगका आश्रय ले युद्धस्थलमें भीमसेनको सब ओरसे घेर लिया

taṁ mṛdhe vegam āsthāya nṛpāḥ paramadhanvinaḥ | coditās tava putraiś ca sarvataḥ paryavārayan ||

Sañjaya said: Then, in the thick of battle, many kings—supreme archers—spurred on by your sons, gathered their full momentum and surrounded Bhīmasena on every side. The scene underscores how collective force and command-driven zeal can concentrate against a single formidable warrior, intensifying both the peril and the moral weight of the conflict.

तम्him (Bhimasena)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मृधेin battle
मृधे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमृध्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
वेगम्speed, impetus
वेगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आस्थायhaving assumed/taken (resorted to)
आस्थाय:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था (स्था)
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
नृपाःkings
नृपाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
परमधन्विनःsupreme bowmen, excellent archers
परमधन्विनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरमधन्विन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चोदिताःurged, impelled
चोदिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचोदित (from धातु: चुद्/चोद्)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
तवof you, your
तव:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
पुत्रैःby (your) sons
पुत्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सर्वतःon all sides, from every direction
सर्वतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
पर्यवारयन्they surrounded, hemmed in
पर्यवारयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-आ-वृ (वृ)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons (Kauravas)
B
Bhīmasena
K
kings (nṛpāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how leadership and incitement can mobilize many capable warriors into a single coordinated action, escalating violence and concentrating harm. Ethically, it points to the responsibility borne by those who urge others into battle and the way collective zeal can intensify adharma when driven by factional aims rather than restraint.

In the Drona Parva battle sequence, many expert archer-kings, prompted by Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons, rush with full force and encircle Bhīmasena from all directions, setting up a concentrated engagement against him.