Shloka 33

त॑ समेत्य महाराज तावका: पर्यवारयन्‌ | दुःशलभ्षित्रसेनश्व कुण्डभेदी विविंशति:,महाराज! उस समय आपके पुत्रोंने भीमसेनका सामना करके उन्हें रोका। दुःशल, चित्रसेन, कुण्डभेदी, विविंशति, दुर्मुख, दुःसह, विवर्ण, शल, विन्द, अनुविन्द, सुमुख, दीर्घबाहु, सुदर्शन, वृन्दारक, सुहस्त, सुषेण, दीर्घलोचन, अभय, रौद्रकर्मा, सुवर्मा और दुर्विमोचन--इन शोभाशाली रथिश्रेष्ठ वीरोंने अपने सैनिकों और सेवकोंके साथ सावधान एवं प्रयत्नशील होकर समरांगणमें भीमसेनपर धावा किया

taṁ sametya mahārāja tāvakāḥ paryavārayan | duḥśalaś citrasenaś ca kuṇḍabhedī viviṁśatiḥ ||

Sañjaya said: O King, your sons, gathering together, surrounded Bhīmasena and checked his advance. Among them were Duḥśala, Citrasena, Kuṇḍabhedī, and Viviṁśati—who, along with other Kaurava warriors, attacked Bhīma in the battlefield with alertness and determined effort. The scene underscores the collective resolve of the Kauravas to restrain a single formidable opponent, even as the war’s momentum is driven by loyalty to one’s side rather than by a clear ethical victory.

तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समेत्यhaving come together / having approached
समेत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-इ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तावकाःyour men / your sons' side
तावकाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतावक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पर्यवारयन्surrounded / hemmed in / restrained
पर्यवारयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-आ-√वृ (वारयति)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
दुःशलःDuhshala (proper name)
दुःशलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुःशल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चित्रसेनःChitrasena (proper name)
चित्रसेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचित्रसेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कुण्डभेदीKundabhedin / Kundabhedi (proper name)
कुण्डभेदी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुण्डभेदिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विविंशतिःViviṃśati (proper name)
विविंशतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविविंशति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (mahārāja, implied addressee)
K
Kauravas (tāvakāḥ)
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
D
Duḥśala
C
Citrasena
K
Kuṇḍabhedī
V
Viviṁśati

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, collective force and loyalty to one’s faction can drive action even when moral clarity is strained. It invites reflection on the difference between strategic success (surrounding a powerful foe) and ethical success (acting in alignment with dharma).

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava side assembled and surrounded Bhīmasena to stop him, naming several Kaurava warriors who took part in the attempt to check Bhīma’s advance on the battlefield.