Shloka 30

Devanagari script

दुर्योधनेन समरे पृतना पाण्डवी रणे

Transliteration

duryodhanena samare pṛtanā pāṇḍavī raṇe

Translation

Sañjaya said: In the battle, amid the clash of arms, the Pāṇḍava host was engaged in combat with Duryodhana—an image of war where pride and ambition drive men to endanger entire armies.

Word by Word

• दुर्योधनेन: by Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• समरे: in battle
• समरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समर
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• पृतना: army
• पृतना: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृतना
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• पाण्डवी: Pāṇḍava (belonging to the Pāṇḍavas)
• पाण्डवी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पाण्डवी
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• रणे: in the fight
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Duryodhana
• Pāṇḍavas
• Pāṇḍava army (pṛtanā)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line underscores how a ruler’s ambition and obstinacy can draw entire communities into violence; it invites reflection on ethical leadership and the heavy karmic cost of war-driven pride.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports the battlefield situation: Duryodhana is engaged in combat, and the Pāṇḍava forces are arrayed and fighting in the war.