Shloka 25
Devanagari script
स संनिपातस्तुमुलस्तेषां तस्य च भारत
Transliteration
sa sannipātas tumulas teṣāṃ tasya ca bhārata
Translation
Sañjaya said: O Bhārata, the clash between them and him became a tumultuous, overwhelming melee—an encounter marked by fierce commotion and the escalating fury of war.
Word by Word
सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
संनिपातःencounter, clash, coming together (battle-meeting)
संनिपातः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंनिपात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुमुलःtumultuous, fierce
तुमुलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
तस्यof him/that
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
भारतO Bharata (descendant of Bharata)
भारत:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaD
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed as Bhārata)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse underscores the moral gravity of war: when warriors converge in close combat, violence rapidly intensifies into uncontrollable tumult, reminding the listener that conflict—once unleashed—tends to escalate beyond measured intent.
Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the encounter between the opposing warriors (teṣām) and a particular champion (tasya) has turned into a fierce, noisy melee, signaling a critical surge in the battle’s intensity.