Shloka 18

अर्जुनस्य गुरुधर्मविलापः तथा शैनेयकर्णयोर्युद्धारम्भः | Arjuna’s Lament on Guru-Dharma and the Opening of the Sātyaki–Karṇa Duel

Devanagari script

निहतानाहवे पश्य पदात्यश्चवरथद्विपान्‌

Transliteration

nihatān āhave paśya padātyāś ca vara-ratha-dvipān

Translation

Sañjaya said: “Behold—slain in the thick of battle—foot-soldiers as well as the finest chariot-warriors and elephants.” The line underscores the indiscriminate devastation of war, where rank and strength offer no refuge from death.

Word by Word

• निहतान्: slain
• निहतान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निहत (नि+हन्)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• आहवे: in battle
• आहवे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आहव
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• पश्य: see / behold
• पश्य: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: पश्
• Form: Imperative, Second, Singular

• पदातीन्: foot-soldiers
• पदातीन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पदाति
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• वरथद्विपान्: horses, chariots, and elephants
• वरथद्विपान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरथद्विप
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• infantry (padāti)
• chariot-warriors (ratha)
• war-elephants (dvipa)
• battlefield (āhava)