Shloka 47

आर्षभं चर्म च महच्छतचन्द्रकसंकुलम्‌ । आविध्य च तत: खड्गं सात्वतायोत्ससर्ज ह,तब महाबली जलसंधने सौ चन्द्राकार चमकीले चिह्लोंसे युक्त वृषभ-चर्मकी बनी हुई विशाल ढाल और तलवार हाथमें ले ली तथा उस तलवारको घुमाकर सात्यकिपर छोड़ दिया

ārṣabhaṃ carma ca mahac chata-candraka-saṅkulam | āvidhya ca tataḥ khaḍgaṃ sātvatāyotsasarja ha ||

Sañjaya said: He seized a great bull-hide shield, crowded with a hundred moon-like bosses, and then, whirling his sword, hurled it at Sātyaki. The scene underscores the relentless escalation of battle—skill and ferocity driving warriors to ever more daring acts, even as the ethical weight of violence hangs over the field.

आर्षभम्made of bull-hide / bovine
आर्षभम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआर्षभ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चर्मhide, leather (shield)
चर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महत्great, large
महत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शतचन्द्रकसंकुलम्crowded/covered with a hundred moon-discs (ornaments)
शतचन्द्रकसंकुलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशतचन्द्रकसंकुल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आविध्यhaving whirled/brandished
आविध्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धा (आ + वि-धा)
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
खड्गम्sword
खड्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootखड्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सात्वतायto Sātvata (Sātyaki)
सात्वताय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootसात्वत
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
उत्ससर्जhe hurled/let fly
उत्ससर्ज:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-सृज्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Sātyaki (Sātvata)
B
bull-hide shield (carmāṇi/mahac carma)
S
sword (khaḍga)
H
hundred moon-like bosses (śata-candraka)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, prowess and aggression can rapidly intensify; it invites reflection on kṣatriya valor while implicitly reminding the listener that martial skill operates within the heavier moral atmosphere of dharma and the tragic costs of violence.

A powerful warrior arms himself with a large bull-hide shield studded with many moon-like bosses, then whirls his sword and throws it toward Sātyaki, marking a sharp, aggressive turn in the duel.