Shloka 37

तावकानां तु सैन्यानां प्रहर्ष: समजायत । वादित्रनिनदक्षोग्र: सुमहान्‌ रोमहर्षण:,उस समय आपके सैनिकोंको महान्‌ हर्ष हो रहा था। वहाँ रणवाद्योंका रोमांचकारी एवं भयंकर शब्द बड़े जोर-जोरसे होने लगा

tāvakānāṃ tu sainyānāṃ praharṣaḥ samajāyata | vāditra-ninada-kṣogro sumahān romaharṣaṇaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: Among your troops a great exhilaration arose. Then the thunderous, tumultuous blare of the war-instruments swelled mightily—terrifying and hair-raising—signaling their surge of confidence and the hardening of hearts as battle pressed on.

तावकानाम्of your (people)
तावकानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootतावक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सैन्यानाम्of the armies/troops
सैन्यानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
प्रहर्षःjoy/exultation
प्रहर्षः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रहर्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समजायतarose/occurred
समजायत:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + जन्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वादित्रof musical instruments (war-instruments)
वादित्र:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवादित्र
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
निनदःsound/roar
निनदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिनद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उग्रःfierce/terrible
उग्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुमहान्very great
सुमहान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसु + महान्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रोमहर्षणःhair-raising/thrilling
रोमहर्षणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरोमहर्षण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s army (Kaurava forces)
W
war instruments (vāditra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how collective emotion in war can be amplified by spectacle and sound: martial instruments intensify exhilaration and fear, shaping ethical perception and resolve. It implicitly warns that excitement and intimidation are powerful forces that can eclipse sober discernment (dharma-viveka) on the battlefield.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava troops are filled with great joy, and the battlefield resounds with a fierce, overwhelming clamor of war-instruments—an audible sign of their rising confidence and the escalation of combat.