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Shloka 31

Duryodhana Seeks Droṇa’s Counsel; Imperative to Protect Jayadratha; Pāñcāla Assault on Duryodhana

दुर्योधनं च बाणाभ्यां तीक्ष्णाभ्यां विरथीकृतम्‌ । आविषध्यद्धस्ततलयोरुभयोरर्जुनस्तदा

duryodhanaṃ ca bāṇābhyāṃ tīkṣṇābhyāṃ virathīkṛtam | āviṣadhyaddhastatalayorubhayor arjunas tadā ||

Sañjaya said: Arjuna then struck Duryodhana—already made chariotless by two sharp arrows—so that both his palms were pierced, intensifying the moral pressure of the battle by disabling the enemy’s capacity to fight rather than merely seeking a dramatic kill.

दुर्योधनम्Duryodhana (as object)
दुर्योधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बाणाभ्याम्with two arrows
बाणाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Dual
तीक्ष्णाभ्याम्sharp (two)
तीक्ष्णाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्ण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Dual
विरथीकृतम्made chariotless / deprived of his chariot
विरथीकृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootविरथीकृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
आविषध्यत्he pierced / struck
आविषध्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + विषध्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
हस्ततलयोःof (his) two palms
हस्ततलयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootहस्ततल
FormNeuter, Genitive, Dual
उभयोःof both
उभयोः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Dual
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
D
Duryodhana
B
bāṇa (arrows)
R
ratha (chariot, implied by virathīkṛta)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a battlefield ethic where skill is used to neutralize an opponent’s ability to continue fighting (making him chariotless and injuring the palms), underscoring disciplined martial conduct and tactical restraint within kṣatriya-dharma.

Sañjaya reports that Arjuna first renders Duryodhana chariotless with two sharp arrows and then pierces both of Duryodhana’s palms, further disabling him in the ongoing combat of the Droṇa Parva.