Shloka 11

Devanagari script

भयं विपुलमस्मासु तावधत्तां नरोत्तमौ | तेजो विदधतुश्चोग्रं विस्रब्धौ रणमूर्थनि

Transliteration

bhayaṁ vipulam asmāsu tāv adhattāṁ narottamau | tejo vidadhatuś cograṁ visrabdhau raṇamūrdhani ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: Those two best of men cast a great fear upon our side; and, standing with calm confidence at the very forefront of battle, they displayed a fierce and overwhelming splendor—an energy that shook the hearts of their opponents and steadied their own resolve.

Word by Word

• भयम्: fear
• भयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भय
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• विपुलम्: great, abundant
• विपुलम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विपुल
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• अस्मासु: in us, among us
• अस्मासु: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Locative, Plural

• तौ: those two
• तौ: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• अधत्ताम्: placed, inflicted, caused
• अधत्ताम्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Dual, Parasmaipada

• नर-उत्तमौ: the two best of men
• नर-उत्तमौ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरोत्तम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• तेजः: splendor, energy, prowess
• तेजः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तेजस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• विदधतुः: bestowed, produced, displayed
• विदधतुः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-धा
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Dual, Parasmaipada

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• उग्रम्: fierce, terrible
• उग्रम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उग्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• विस्रब्धौ: confident, unhesitating
• विस्रब्धौ: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विस्रब्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• रण-मूर्धनि: on the battlefield (lit. on the head/top of battle)
• रण-मूर्धनि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रणमूर्धन्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• two best of men (narottamau)
• battlefront (raṇamūrdhan)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how inner steadiness (visrabdha) and radiant martial energy (tejas) can shape the moral-psychological field of war: courage and composure strengthen one’s own side while inducing fear in the opposing host.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that two outstanding warriors, positioned at the very front of the battlefield, advanced with confident poise and formidable brilliance, causing widespread fear among the Kaurava forces.