Shloka 36
रथेषु गण्यमानेषु बलविक्रमशालिषु । संख्यातो<र्धरथ: कर्णो द्विगुण: सन् नरर्षभ:,राजन! बात यह हुई थी कि जब बल और पराक्रमसे सुशोभित रथियोंकी गणना की जा रही थी, उस समय समस्त क्षत्रियोंके देखते-देखते भीष्मजीने महाबाहु नरश्रेष्ठ कर्णको अर्धरथी बता दिया। यद्यपि वह दो रथियोंके समान है
ratheṣu gaṇyamāneṣu balavikramaśāliṣu | saṅkhyāto 'rdharathaḥ karṇo dviguṇaḥ san nararṣabhaḥ ||
Sañjaya said: When the chariot-warriors—resplendent with strength and valor—were being counted and classified, Karṇa was declared to be only an ‘ardha-ratha’ (a half-ratha). Yet that bull among men was in truth equal to two rathas. The statement, made in the very sight of the assembled kṣatriyas, signals a deliberate diminution of Karṇa’s standing—an ethically charged act of public appraisal that shapes honor, rivalry, and the moral atmosphere of the coming battle.
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights how public classification of a warrior’s worth can be ethically consequential: honor and status are shaped not only by actual capability but also by authoritative speech. A deliberate underestimation becomes a moral act that can inflame rivalry and influence conduct in war.
As the Kaurava warriors are being enumerated by their chariot-ranks, Karṇa is announced as merely an ‘ardha-ratha’, even though he is effectively of double that measure. Sañjaya reports this as a significant slight occurring openly before the kṣatriyas.