Shloka 61
Varṣa-Parvata-Nivāsinām Varnanam
Description of Regions, Mountains, and Their Inhabitants
ध्वजिन्युत्सवसंकेतास्त्रिगर्ता: शाल्वसेनय: । व्यूका: कोकबका: प्रोष्ठा: समवेगवशास्तथा,भरतश्रेष्ठ] अब जो दक्षिणदिशाके अन्यान्य जनपद हैं उनका वर्णन सुनिये--द्रविड, केरल, प्राच्य, भूषिक, वनवासिक, कर्णाटक, महिषक, विकल्प, मूषक, झिल्लिक, कुन्तल, सौहृद, नभकानन, कौकुट्टक, चोल, कोंकण, मालव, नर, समंग, करक, कुकुर, अंगार, मारिष, ध्वजिनी, उत्सव-संकेत, त्रिगर्त, शाल्वसेनि, व्यूक, कोकबक, प्रोष्ठ, समवेगवश, विन्ध्यचुलिक, पुलिन्द, वल्कल, मालव, बल्लव, अपरबल्लव, कुलिन्द, कालद, कुण्डल, करट, मूषक, स्तनबाल, सनीप, घट, सूंजय, अठिद, पाशिवाट, तनय, सुनय, ऋषिक, विदभ, काक, तंगण, परतंगण, उत्तर और क्रूर अपरम्लेच्छ, यवन, चीन तथा जहाँ भयानक म्लेच्छक-जातिके लोग निवास करते हैं, वह काम्बोज
dhvajinyutsavasaṅketās trigartāḥ śālvasenayaḥ | vyūḍhāḥ kokabakāḥ proṣṭhāḥ samavegavaśās tathā ||
Sañjaya continues his catalogue of the forces and peoples aligned for the great war. He names the Dhvajinī, the Utsava-saṅketa, the Trigartas, and the Śālva troops; likewise the Vyūḍhas, the Kokabakas, the Proṣṭhas, and those called Samavegavaśa. The verse functions as part of a wider roll-call that underscores the vast, many-sided coalition drawn into Kurukṣetra—an ethical reminder that war’s consequences spread far beyond the principal rivals, pulling entire regions and communities into the field of dharma and adharma.
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
By enumerating many peoples and contingents, the text highlights the expansive social reach of war: decisions of rulers and warriors implicate entire communities, intensifying the moral weight of choosing dharma over adharma.
Sañjaya is reporting to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, continuing a systematic roll-call of regions, tribes, and military groups present or aligned in the Kurukṣetra conflict, emphasizing the scale and diversity of the assembled forces.