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Shloka 4

भीष्मवधाय प्रयाणम् — The Advance toward Bhīṣma and Counter-Engagements

प्रगृह्दा च महावेगं परासुकरणं दृढम्‌ । सज्जं शरासन संख्ये शरैरविव्याध ते सुतम्‌,उन्होंने युद्धस्थलमें मृत्युकी प्राप्ति करानेवाले महान्‌ वेगशाली सुदृढ़ धनुषको लेकर उसपर प्रत्यंचा चढ़ायी और अनेक बाणोंद्वारा आपके पुत्रको घायल कर दिया

pragṛhya ca mahāvegaṁ parāsukaraṇaṁ dṛḍham | sajjaṁ śarāsanaṁ saṅkhye śarair avivyādha te sutam ||

Sañjaya said: Taking up that firm bow of tremendous force—an instrument that brings death in battle—he strung it and, in the thick of the fight, pierced your son with many arrows. The scene underscores the grim moral atmosphere of war, where skill and resolve are turned toward lethal ends and the fate of one’s own kin becomes the measure of suffering.

प्रगृह्यhaving taken/holding
प्रगृह्य:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-ग्रह्
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भावार्थ
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महावेगम्of great speed/force
महावेगम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहावेग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परासुकरणम्death-causing (life-taking)
परासुकरणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपरासुकरण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृढम्firm, strong
दृढम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदृढ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सज्जम्made ready, prepared
सज्जम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसज्ज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शरासनम्bow
शरासनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरासन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
संख्येin battle
संख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंख्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अविव्याधpierced, wounded
अविव्याध:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-व्यध्
Formलुङ् (Aorist), Third, Singular, परस्मैपद
तेyour
ते:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
सुतम्son
सुतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'te' = 'your')
Y
your son (Duryodhana or a Kaurava prince, context-dependent)
B
bow (śarāsana)
A
arrows (śara)
B
battlefield (saṅkhya)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the harsh ethical reality of war: martial excellence and readiness, though valued in kṣatriya-dharma, become instruments of death. It implicitly points to the tragic cost of conflict, where even rightful prowess results in grievous harm and deepens collective suffering.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a warrior takes up a powerful, deadly bow, strings it, and in the battle wounds Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son with many arrows—signaling a decisive, violent exchange on the battlefield.