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Shloka 20

भीष्मवधाय प्रयाणम् — The Advance toward Bhīṣma and Counter-Engagements

अपराह्ने महाराज प्रावर्तत महारण: । तावकानां च बलिनां परेषां चैव भारत,महाराज! भरतनन्दन! तब अपराह्लकालमें आपके और पाण्डवपक्षके अत्यन्त बलवान योद्धाओं में बड़ा भारी युद्ध आरम्भ हुआ

aparāhṇe mahārāja prāvartata mahāraṇaḥ | tāvakānāṁ ca balināṁ pareṣāṁ caiva bhārata ||

Sañjaya said: “In the afternoon, O King, a great battle broke out—between your own mighty warriors and those of the opposing side, O descendant of Bharata.”

अपराह्नेin the afternoon
अपराह्ने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअपराह्न
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रावर्ततbegan / commenced
प्रावर्तत:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (वर्तते)
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
महारणःa great battle
महारणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तावकानाम्of your (side)
तावकानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootतावक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बलिनाम्of the strong
बलिनाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootबलिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
परेषाम्of the others (opponents)
परेषाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
भारतO Bharata (descendant of Bharata)
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address: mahārāja)
K
Kauravas (tāvakāḥ)
P
Pāṇḍavas and allies (pare)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the inexorable escalation of conflict once opposing forces commit to battle; it frames war as a grave, collective event involving the strongest on both sides, inviting reflection on responsibility and the consequences of rivalry within a single lineage.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, in the afternoon, intense fighting begins between the powerful warriors of the Kaurava army and the powerful warriors of the opposing (Pāṇḍava) side.