Shloka 11
Adhyāya 74 (Book 6, Bhīṣma-parva): Bhīma–Duryodhana re-engagement and afternoon escalation
Devanagari script
समुत्पतन्ति वित्रस्ता रथेभ्यो रथिनस्तथा । सादिनश्चाश्वपृछठे भ्यो भूमी चापि पदातय:,वे सभी लोग ऐसे भयभीत हो गये कि रथी रथोंसे और घुड़सवार घोड़ोंकी पीठोंसे गिरने लगे तथा पैदल सैनिक भी पृथ्वीपर लोट-पोट हो गये
Transliteration
samutpatanti vitrastā rathebhyo rathinas tathā | sādinaś cāśvapṛṣṭhebhyo bhūmīṃ cāpi padātayaḥ ||
Translation
Sañjaya said: Struck with panic, the chariot-warriors sprang and tumbled from their chariots; the horsemen fell from the backs of their horses; and even the foot-soldiers collapsed and rolled upon the ground. The scene conveys how fear can shatter discipline and martial duty, turning an ordered army into a disoriented mass.
Word by Word
समुत्पतन्तिthey leap up / spring up
समुत्पतन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उत्-√पत्
FormLat, Present indicative, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
वित्रस्ताःterrified
वित्रस्ताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवित्रस्त (√त्रस् + वि, past passive participle)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रथेभ्यःfrom the chariots
रथेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Ablative, Plural
रथिनःchariot-warriors
रथिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise / similarly
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
सादिनःhorsemen
सादिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसादिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अश्वपृष्ठेभ्यःfrom the horses' backs
अश्वपृष्ठेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वपृष्ठ
FormNeuter, Ablative, Plural
भूमौon the ground
भूमौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
चalso/and
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अपिalso / even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
पदातयःfoot-soldiers
पदातयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaC
chariots (ratha)C
chariot-warriors (rathin)H
horses (aśva)H
horsemen (sādin)F
foot-soldiers (padāti)E
earth/ground (bhūmi)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes