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Shloka 19

आत्मदोष-उपदेशः तथा भीम-धृष्टद्युम्नयोः संयोगः

Self-Causation Counsel and the Bhīma–Dhṛṣṭadyumna Convergence

उत्पत्य निपतन्त्यन्ये शरघातप्रपीडिता: । तावकानां परेषां च योधा भरतसत्तम,भरतश्रेष्ठी] आपके और शत्रुपक्षके कितने ही योद्धा बाणोंके गहरे आघातसे अत्यन्त पीड़ित हो उछलकर गिर पड़ते थे

utpatya nipatantyanye śaraghātaprapīḍitāḥ | tāvakānāṃ pareṣāṃ ca yodhā bharatasattama ||

Sañjaya said: “O best of the Bharatas, many warriors—both from your own side and from the enemy’s—were grievously tormented by the deep blows of arrows; springing up in agony, they fell back down.”

उत्पत्यhaving leapt up
उत्पत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-√पत्
Formल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययः), कर्तरि
निपतन्तिthey fall down
निपतन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-√पत्
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचनम्, परस्मैपदम्
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्
शरघातप्रपीडिताःafflicted by the blows of arrows
शरघातप्रपीडिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशरघात-प्र-√पीड् (पीडित)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्, क्त (भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृदन्तः)
तावकानाम्of your (men)
तावकानाम्:
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootतावक
Formपुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी, बहुवचनम्
परेषाम्of the enemies/others
परेषाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
Formपुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी, बहुवचनम्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
योधाःwarriors
योधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयोध
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्
भरतसत्तमO best of the Bharatas
भरतसत्तम:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootभरत-सत्तम
Formपुंलिङ्गः, सम्बोधन, एकवचनम्

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address “bharatasattama”)
T
tāvakāḥ (Kaurava side)
P
pare (opposing side)
Ś
śara (arrows)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the shared human cost of war: suffering is not confined to one side. Sañjaya’s even-handed description highlights the tragic impartiality of violence—both ‘yours’ and ‘the enemy’s’ warriors are equally broken by the same weapons.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra the intensity of the fighting: many combatants on both sides, struck hard by arrows, convulse upward and then collapse to the ground, conveying the battlefield’s brutal momentum.