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Shloka 4

Arjuna’s Advance toward Bhīṣma; The Gāṇḍīva’s Signal and the Armies’ Convergence (भीष्माभिमुखगमनम् — गाण्डीवनिर्घोष-ध्वजवर्णनम्)

त॑ चैव पाण्डवा: सर्वे सात्यकिं रभसं रणे । परिवार्य स्थिता: संख्ये समनन्‍्तात्‌ सुमहौजस:,उधर महान्‌ तेजस्वी समस्त पाण्डव भी युद्धमें वेगपूर्वक आगे बढ़नेवाले सात्यकिको सब ओरसे घेरकर समरभूमिमें डट गये

taṁ caiva pāṇḍavāḥ sarve sātyakiṁ rabhasaṁ raṇe | parivārya sthitāḥ saṅkhye samantāt sumahaujasaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: And all the Pāṇḍavas, surrounding Sātyaki—who was charging forward with impetuous speed in the battle—stood firm on the field of combat, encircling him on every side with their great might. The scene underscores a warrior-ethic of solidarity: in the chaos of war, the righteous course is not solitary bravado but coordinated protection of an ally, holding one’s ground together against danger.

तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
पाण्डवाःthe Pandavas
पाण्डवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सात्यकिम्Satyaki
सात्यकिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसात्यकि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रभसम्impetuous/vehement
रभसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootरभस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
परिवार्यhaving surrounded
परिवार्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-√वृ (वृणोति/वर्तते) → परिवारयति
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (causative usage implied)
स्थिताःstood/posted
स्थिताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√स्था
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
संख्येin the battle/fight
संख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंख्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
समन्तात्on all sides
समन्तात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्तात्
सुमहौजसःof very great might
सुमहौजसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-महौजस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍavas
S
Sātyaki (Yuyudhāna)

Educational Q&A

Even within warfare, conduct aligned with dharma emphasizes collective responsibility—protecting comrades, maintaining formation, and acting with disciplined strength rather than isolated recklessness.

Sātyaki advances fiercely in battle; the Pāṇḍavas respond by forming around him on all sides, standing firm in the fight and effectively shielding/supporting him amid the combat.