Shloka 44

भीष्मविक्रमदर्शनं तथा क्रौञ्चारुणव्यूहविधानम् | Bhīṣma’s Ascendancy and the Organization of the Krauñcāruṇa Formation

Devanagari script

कृषिगौरक्ष्यवाणिज्यं वैश्यकर्म स्वभावजम्‌ | परिचर्यात्मकं कर्म शूद्रस्यापि स्वभावजम्‌

Transliteration

kṛṣigaurakṣyavāṇijyaṃ vaiśyakarma svabhāvajam | paricaryātmakaṃ karma śūdrasyāpi svabhāvajam ||

Translation

Arjuna said: “Agriculture, cattle-tending, and trade are the natural duties of the Vaiśya, arising from his inborn disposition. Service in the form of attending upon others is likewise the natural duty of the Śūdra, arising from his inborn disposition.”

Word by Word

• कृषि: agriculture
• कृषि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृषि
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• गौरक्ष्य: cow-protection, cattle-rearing
• गौरक्ष्य: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो-रक्ष्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• वाणिज्यम्: trade, commerce
• वाणिज्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाणिज्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• वैश्यकर्म: the duty/work of a Vaiśya
• वैश्यकर्म: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैश्य-कर्म
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• स्वभावजम्: born of (one's) nature; natural
• स्वभावजम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वभाव-ज
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• परिचर्यात्मकम्: consisting in service; service-oriented
• परिचर्यात्मकम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परिचर्या-आत्मक
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• कर्म: work, duty
• कर्म: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• शूद्रस्य: of the Śūdra
• शूद्रस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूद्र
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• अपि: also, even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• स्वभावजम्: born of (one's) nature; natural
• स्वभावजम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वभाव-ज
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

अजुन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna
• Vaiśya
• Śūdra