Shloka 13
भीष्मविक्रमदर्शनं तथा क्रौञ्चारुणव्यूहविधानम् | Bhīṣma’s Ascendancy and the Organization of the Krauñcāruṇa Formation
सम्बन्ध-- पहले शलोकमें अर्जुनने संन्यास और त्यागका तत्त्व अलग-अलग जाननेकी इच्छा प्रकट की थी। उसका उत्तर देते हुए भगवान्ने दूसरे और तीसरे *लोकोर्में इस विषयपर विद्वानोंके भिन्न-भिन्न मत बतलाकर अपने मतके अनुसार चौथे शलोकसे बारहवें #लोकतक त्यागका यानी कर्मयोगका तत्त्व भलीभॉति समझाया: अब संनन््यासका यानी सांख्ययोगका तत्त्व समझानेके लिये पहले सांख्य-सिद्धान्तके अनुसार कर्मोकी सिद्धिगें पॉच हेतु बतलाते हैं-- पञ्चैतानि महाबाहो कारणानि निबोध मे । सांख्ये कृतान्तेः प्रोक्तानि सिद्धये सर्वकर्मणाम्रँ
pañcaitāni mahābāho kāraṇāni nibodha me | sāṅkhye kṛtānte proktāni siddhaye sarva-karmaṇām ||
The Blessed Lord said: “O mighty-armed one, understand from Me these five causal factors. In the Sāṅkhya’s settled conclusion they are declared as the means by which every action comes to completion.”
अजुन उवाच
Educational Q&A
Krishna introduces the Sāṅkhya analysis of action by stating that every action is accomplished through five causal factors, shifting attention away from simplistic self-blame or egoic doership toward a structured understanding of causality and responsibility.
After clarifying the nature of tyāga (disciplined relinquishment in action), Krishna begins explaining saṃnyāsa/Sāṅkhya-oriented insight by first listing the causal bases that underlie the completion of any deed, continuing his instruction to Arjuna on the battlefield.