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Shloka 7

Abhimanyu’s Assault on Bhīṣma’s Screen; Banner-Felling and Reinforcements (सौभद्र-भीष्म-समरः)

सम्बन्ध--त्रिविध स्वाभाविक श्रद्धावालोंके तथा घोर तप करनेवाले लोगोके लक्षण बतलाकर अब भगवान्‌ यात्विकका ग्रहण और राजस-तामसका त्याग करानेके उद्देश्यसे यात्तिक-राजस-तामस आहार, यज्ञ] तप और दानके भेद युननेके लिये अर्जुनको आज्ञा देते हैं-- आहारस्त्वपि सर्वस्य त्रिविधो भवति प्रिय: । यज्ञस्तपस्तथा दान तेषां भेदमिमं शृणु,भोजन भी सबको अपनी-अपनी प्रकृतिके अनुसार तीन प्रकारका प्रिय होता है। वैसे ही यज्ञ, तप और दान भी तीन-तीन प्रकारके होते हैं।* उनके इस पृथक्‌-पृथक्‌ भेदको तू मुझसे सुन

āhāras tv api sarvasya trividho bhavati priyaḥ | yajñas tapas tathā dānaṁ teṣāṁ bhedam imaṁ śṛṇu ||

Arjuna said: “Even food, which everyone finds pleasing, is of three kinds, according to one’s nature. In the same way, sacrifice, austerity, and charity are each threefold. Hear from me now the distinctions among them.”

आहारःfood, diet
आहारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआहार (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सर्वस्यof everyone / of all
सर्वस्य:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
त्रिविधःthreefold
त्रिविधः:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रिविध (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिis / becomes
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रियःdear, pleasing
प्रियः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यज्ञःsacrifice, ritual
यज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तपःausterity, penance
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
दानम्gift, charity
दानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तेषाम्of those (i.e., of these)
तेषाम्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
भेदम्distinction, classification
भेदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभेद (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इमम्this
इमम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शृणुhear, listen
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna

Educational Q&A

Human preferences and religious-ethical practices are shaped by the three guṇas; therefore food, sacrifice, austerity, and charity can be classified as sāttvika, rājasika, or tāmasika, and one should learn these distinctions to cultivate what elevates and abandon what degrades.

Arjuna introduces a topic about threefold classifications tied to innate disposition, setting up a detailed explanation of how food and key spiritual practices (yajña, tapas, dāna) differ according to the guṇas.