Shloka 8
Adhyāya 41 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Gurv-anumati and Strategic Counsel (युधिष्ठिरस्य गुर्वनुमतिः)
Devanagari script
तमस्त्वज्ञानजं विद्धि मोहनं सर्वदेहिनाम् । प्रमादालस्यनिद्राभिस्तन्निबध्नाति भारत,हे अर्जुन सब देहाभिमानियोंको मोहित करनेवाले5 तमोगुणको तो अज्ञानसे उत्पन्न जानः। वह इस जीवात्माको प्रमाद, आलस्य और निद्राके द्वारा बाँधता है?
Transliteration
tamas tv ajñānajaṁ viddhi mohanaṁ sarvadehinām | pramādālasyanidrābhis tan nibadhnāti bhārata ||
Translation
Know tamas to be born of ignorance, the power that deludes all embodied beings. O Bhārata, it binds the self through heedlessness, sloth, and sleep—thereby clouding discernment and weakening ethical resolve.
Word by Word
तमःdarkness; tamas (quality)
तमः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तुbut; indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अज्ञानजम्born of ignorance
अज्ञानजम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअज्ञानज
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विद्धिknow (you); understand
विद्धि:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
मोहनम्deluding; causing bewilderment
मोहनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमोहन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सर्वदेहिनाम्of all embodied beings
सर्वदेहिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वदेहिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्रमादby heedlessness; negligence
प्रमाद:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
आलस्यby laziness; sloth
आलस्य:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआलस्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
निद्राभिःby sleep(s)
निद्राभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनिद्रा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
तत्that (being); it
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निबध्नातिbinds; fetters
निबध्नाति:
TypeVerb
Rootनिबन्ध्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
भारतO Bharata (descendant of Bharata)
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
अजुन उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
Bhārata (Arjuna, addressed)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes