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Shloka 22

Mokṣa–Saṃnyāsa–Tyāga–Guṇa-Vibhāga (Renunciation, Relinquishment, and the Three Guṇas) — Mahābhārata 6, Bhīṣma-parva

सम्बन्ध-- इस प्रकार प्रकृतिस्थ पुरुषके स्वरूपका वर्णन करनेके बाद अब जीवात्मा और परमात्माकी एकता करते हुए आत्माके गुणातीत स्वरूपका वर्णन करते हैं-- उपद्रष्टानुमन्ता च भर्ता भोक्ता महेश्वर: । परमात्मेति चाप्युक्तो देहेडस्मिन्‌ पुरुष: पर:,इस देहमें स्थित यह आत्मा वास्तवमें परमात्मा ही है*। वही साक्षी होनेसे उपद्रष्टा और यथार्थ सम्मति देनेवाला होनेसे अनुमन्ता, सबका धारण-पोषण करनेवाला होनेसे भर्ता, जीवरूपसे भोक्ता, ब्रह्मा आदिका भी स्वामी होनेसे महेश्वर और शुद्ध सच्चिदा-नन्दघन होनेसे परमात्मा--ऐसा कहा गया है

upadraṣṭānumantā ca bhartā bhoktā maheśvaraḥ | paramātmeti cāpy ukto dehe 'smin puruṣaḥ paraḥ ||

Arjuna said: Within this very body there is a higher Person who is called the Supreme Self. He is the Witness who observes, the Approver who grants inner assent, the Sustainer who upholds and nourishes, the Experiencer who tastes the fruits of embodied life, and the Great Lord who rules even over the highest powers. Thus the indwelling Self is spoken of as the Paramātman—beyond the shifting qualities of nature—grounding ethical responsibility while remaining untouched by action.

उपद्रष्टाwitness, overseer
उपद्रष्टा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपद्रष्टृ (उप-√दृश्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनुमन्ताpermitter, approver
अनुमन्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनुमन्तृ (anu-√मन्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भर्ताsupporter, sustainer
भर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ (√भृ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भोक्ताenjoyer, experiencer
भोक्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभोक्तृ (√भुज्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महेश्वरःthe great Lord
महेश्वरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहेश्वर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परमात्माthe Supreme Self
परमात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरमात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus, as
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
उक्तःis said/called
उक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउक्त (√वच्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देहेin the body
देहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदेह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पुरुषःperson, spirit
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परःsupreme, higher
परः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
P
Paramātman (Supreme Self)
P
Puruṣa (the higher Person)
D
Deha (the body)
M
Maheśvara (the Great Lord)