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Shloka 20

Puruṣottama-yoga

The Discipline of the Supreme Person) — Chapter 15 (Bhagavadgītā

द्यावापृथिव्योरिदमन्तरं हि व्याप्तं त्वयैकेन दिशश्नव सर्वा: | दृष्टवाद्‌भुतं रूपमुग्र॑ तवेदं लोकत्रयं प्रव्यथितं महात्मन्‌*?,हे महात्मन्‌! यह स्वर्ग और पृथ्वीके बीचका सम्पूर्ण आकाश तथा सब दिशाएँ एक आपसे ही परिपूर्ण हैं एवं आपके इस अलौकिक और भयंकर रूपको देखकर तीनों लोक अति व्यथाको प्राप्त हो रहे हैं

arjuna uvāca | dyāvāpṛthivyor idam antaraṁ hi vyāptaṁ tvayaikena diśaś ca sarvāḥ | dṛṣṭvādbhutaṁ rūpam ugraṁ tavedaṁ lokatrayaṁ pravyathitaṁ mahātman ||

Arjuna said: Truly, the entire space between heaven and earth is filled by You alone, and all the directions as well. Seeing this wondrous and terrifying form of Yours, O great-souled One, the three worlds are shaken with fear and distress.

द्यावाheaven (as one of the two: heaven and earth)
द्यावा:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Dual
पृथिव्योःof heaven and earth
पृथिव्योः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Genitive, Dual
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अन्तरम्the space (between)
अन्तरम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
व्याप्तम्pervaded/fillled
व्याप्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootव्याप् (धातु) → व्याप्त (कृदन्त, क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past participle)
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormInstrumental, Singular
एकेनalone/with one (single)
एकेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
दिशःdirections/quarters
दिशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु) → दृष्ट्वा (क्त्वा)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
अद्भुतम्marvelous/wondrous
अद्भुतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअद्भुत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रूपम्form
रूपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उग्रम्terrible/fierce
उग्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तवyour/of you
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
लोकत्रयम्the three worlds
लोकत्रयम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोकत्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रव्यथितम्is greatly distressed/agitated
प्रव्यथितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यथ् (धातु) → प्रव्यथित (कृदन्त, क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, Past participle (state/result)
महात्मन्O great-souled one
महात्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
K
Krishna (as the cosmic form, Viśvarūpa)
H
Heaven (Dyauḥ)
E
Earth (Pṛthivī)
T
The directions (Diśaḥ)
T
The three worlds (Lokatraya)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the overwhelming vastness and sovereignty of the Divine: the Supreme pervades all space and directions, and the revelation of that cosmic reality inspires awe that can unsettle even the worlds—inviting humility and reverent surrender to the cosmic order (dharma).

After being granted divine sight, Arjuna beholds Krishna’s universal form. He reports that the entire expanse between heaven and earth appears filled by Krishna alone, and that the terrifying splendor of this vision causes the three worlds to tremble.