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Shloka 38

भीष्मस्य अप्रतिमपराक्रमः — शिखण्डिपुरस्कृतः प्रहारः

Bhīṣma’s unmatched momentum and the assault with Śikhaṇḍin in the lead

पीड्यमानो बलवता पुत्रस्तव विशाम्पते । विव्याध समरे पार्थ कड्कपत्रै: शिलाशितै:,प्रजानाथ! बलवान अर्जुनके द्वारा पीड़ित होनेपर आपके पुत्रने शानपर चढ़ाकर तेज किये हुए कंक-पत्रयुक्त बाणोंद्वारा समरभूमिमें उन कुन्तीकुमारको बींध डाला

sañjaya uvāca |

pīḍyamāno balavatā putras tava viśāmpate |

vivyādha samare pārtha kaṅkapatraiḥ śilāśitaiḥ ||

prajānātha! balavān arjunakena pīḍitaḥ san tava putraḥ śāṇopacchinnaiḥ tīkṣṇīkṛtaiḥ kaṅkapatrayuktaiḥ bāṇaiḥ samara-bhūmau tān kuntīkumārān vivyādha |

Sañjaya said: O lord of the people, O ruler of men! Though hard-pressed by the mighty Arjuna, your son, in the thick of battle, struck the son of Pṛthā with arrows whose feathers were like those of a heron and whose points had been sharpened on stone. The scene underscores the grim reciprocity of war: even when overpowered, a warrior answers force with force, sustaining the cycle of injury that the conflict’s adharma has set in motion.

पीड्यमानःbeing afflicted/pressed
पीड्यमानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपीड् (धातु)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि-प्रत्ययः (शानच्), passive present participle
बलवताby the strong (one)
बलवता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootबलवत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular, Second
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people
विशाम्पते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विव्याधpierced
विव्याध:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध् (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पार्थम्Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कङ्कपत्रैःwith heron-feathered (arrows)
कङ्कपत्रैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootकङ्कपत्र
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
शिलाशितैःsharpened on a whetstone
शिलाशितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशिलाशित
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural, भूतकाले कर्मणि-प्रत्ययः (क्त), 'sharpened'

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by vocatives viśāmpate/prajānātha)
A
Arjuna
D
Duryodhana (implied by 'your son' in Bhīṣma Parva battle narration)
P
Pārtha (epithet)
A
Arrows (bāṇa)
B
Battlefield (samara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the kṣatriya impulse to respond with steadfast resistance even when overwhelmed. Ethically, it points to the tragic momentum of war: injury provokes counter-injury, and personal valor operates within a larger conflict whose consequences entangle all sides.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, although Arjuna is powerfully pressing him, Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son retaliates on the battlefield by piercing Pārtha with stone-sharpened, heron-feathered arrows.