Shloka 33

Devanagari script

अयं स काल: सम्प्राप्त: पार्थ यः काड्क्षितस्तव

Transliteration

ayaṃ sa kālaḥ samprāptaḥ pārtha yaḥ kāṅkṣitas tava

Translation

Sañjaya said: “O Pārtha, the very moment you had long awaited has now arrived.” In the ethical frame of the epic, the line marks the turning point where desire, duty, and consequence converge: the time for decisive action—no longer postponable—has come.

Word by Word

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सः: that (very)
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कालः: time
• कालः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सम्प्राप्तः: has arrived, has come
• सम्प्राप्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-प्र-आप् (धातु: आप्) / सम्प्राप्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पार्थ: O Partha (Arjuna)
• पार्थ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• यः: which, who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• काङ्क्षितः: desired, longed for
• काङ्क्षितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: काङ्क्ष् (धातु) / काङ्क्षित (कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तव: of you, your
• तव: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Pārtha (Arjuna)
• kāla (the decisive time/moment)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores kāla—an appointed, irreversible moment—arriving for one’s chosen or destined duty. Ethically, it highlights that when the decisive time comes, hesitation must yield to responsible action aligned with dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya addresses Arjuna (Pārtha), announcing that the awaited moment has arrived—signaling an imminent shift from anticipation to action within the war setting of Bhīṣma-parvan.