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Shloka 50

भीष्मवधोपाय-प्रश्नः (Inquiry into the means to overcome Bhīṣma) | Chapter 103

तानर्दितान्‌ रणे तेन राक्षसेन दुरात्मना | दृष्टवार्जुनसुत: संख्ये राक्षसं समुपाद्रवत्‌,उन पाँचों भाइयोंको रणक्षेत्रमें दुरात्मा राक्षसके द्वारा अत्यन्त पीड़ित देख अर्जुनकुमार अभिमन्युने पुन: उसके ऊपर आक्रमण किया

tān arditān raṇe tena rākṣasena durātmanā | dṛṣṭvā arjunasutaḥ saṅkhye rākṣasaṃ samupādravat ||

Sañjaya said: Seeing those brothers grievously harassed in the battlefield by that wicked Rākṣasa, Arjuna’s son (Abhimanyu) in the thick of combat again rushed forward and assailed the Rākṣasa—moved by the warrior’s duty to protect his own and to check cruelty amid war.

तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अर्दितान्afflicted, tormented
अर्दितान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्दित (√अर्द्)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तेनby him/that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
राक्षसेनby the demon (rakshasa)
राक्षसेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
दुरात्मनाby the wicked-souled (one)
दुरात्मना:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootदुरात्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृष्ट्वा (√दृश्)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
अर्जुनसुतःArjuna's son (Abhimanyu)
अर्जुनसुतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन-सुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
संख्येin the battle, in combat
संख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंख्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
राक्षसम्the demon
राक्षसम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समुपाद्रवत्rushed upon, attacked
समुपाद्रवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उप-आ-√द्रु
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
A
Abhimanyu
R
Rākṣasa (demonic warrior)
T
the five brothers (pañca bhrātaraḥ; implied by the Hindi gloss)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kṣatriya-dharma in action: when one witnesses allies being unjustly oppressed, one should respond with courage and protective resolve, restraining cruelty even within the harsh realities of war.

Sañjaya reports that Abhimanyu, seeing the (five) brothers severely harried by a wicked Rākṣasa on the battlefield, charges again and attacks that Rākṣasa in the midst of combat.