Shloka 11

न चैनं तावका राजन्‌ विषेहुररिघातिनम्‌ | प्रदीप्तं पावक॑ यद्धत्‌ पतड़ा: कालचोदिता:,राजन्‌! आपके सैनिक शत्रुघाती अभिमन्युका वेग नहीं सह सके। जैसे कालप्रेरित फतिंगे प्रजजलित अग्निकी आँच नहीं सह पाते (उसीमें झुलसकर मर जाते हैं), वही दशा आपके सैनिकोंकी थी

na cainaṃ tāvakā rājan viṣehuḥ arighātinam | pradīptaṃ pāvakaṃ yathā pataṅgāḥ kālacoditāḥ ||

Sañjaya said: O King, your warriors could not withstand him—Abhimanyu, the slayer of foes. Just as moths, driven by fate, cannot endure a blazing fire and perish in its heat, so too were your troops overcome before his fierce onslaught.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एनम्him (this one)
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (एतद्)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तावकाःyour (men), your side's
तावकाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतावक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विषेहुःendured, withstood
विषेहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootसह्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural
अरिघातिनम्enemy-slaying (one)
अरिघातिनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअरिघातिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रदीप्तम्blazing, kindled
प्रदीप्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रदीप्त
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
पावकम्fire
पावकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपावक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
हताःkilled, destroyed
हताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootहता (√हन्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पतङ्गाःmoths, insects (drawn to flame)
पतङ्गाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपतङ्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कालचोदिताःimpelled by Fate/Time
कालचोदिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकालचोदित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
A
Abhimanyu
K
Kaurava troops
F
Fire (pāvaka)
T
Time/Fate (kāla)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the overwhelming force of a dharmic hero in battle and underscores the role of kāla (Time/Fate): when destiny ripens, even many cannot withstand one blazing power—like moths drawn helplessly to fire.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava soldiers failed to endure Abhimanyu’s assault; they were scattered and destroyed, compared to moths perishing in a blazing flame.