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Shloka 20

यज्ञवाटवैभववर्णनम् / Description of the Splendour of the Sacrificial Enclosure

ये व्यतीता महात्मानो राजान: सगरादय:

ye vyatītā mahātmāno rājānaḥ sagarādayaḥ

Yudhiṣṭhira said: “Those great-souled kings of former times—beginning with Sagara—who have already passed away…”

येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
व्यतीताःdeparted, passed away
व्यतीताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यतीत (वि + अति + इ, क्त-प्रत्ययान्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महात्मानःgreat-souled ones
महात्मानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजानःkings
राजानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सगर-आदयःSagara and others
सगर-आदयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसगर (नाम) + आदि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

युधिष्ठिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
King Sagara

Educational Q&A

The line invokes departed exemplary rulers (starting with Sagara) to frame a dharmic question: ethical reflection is grounded in the remembered conduct and fate of earlier kings, highlighting both the authority of precedent and the impermanence of worldly power.

Yudhiṣṭhira begins a query by referring to ancient, noble kings who have passed away—introducing Sagara as the first example—preparing to ask about their conduct, destiny, or the principles by which they ruled.