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Shloka 4

वज्रदत्तेन सह अर्जुनयुद्धम्

Arjuna’s engagement with Vajradatta during the Aśvamedha circuit

तमालक्ष्य महाबाहु: कुरूणामृषभस्तदा । गाण्डीवं विक्षिपंस्तूर्ण सहसा समुपाद्रवत्‌,उसको ऐसा करते देख कुरुश्रेष्ठ महाबाहु अर्जुनने गाण्डीव धनुषपर टंकार देते हुए सहसा वेगपूर्वक उसपर धावा किया

tam ālakṣya mahābāhuḥ kurūṇām ṛṣabhas tadā | gāṇḍīvaṃ vikṣipan tūrṇaṃ sahasā samupādravat ||

Seeing him act in that manner, the mighty-armed Arjuna—bull among the Kurus—swiftly twanged and brandished the Gāṇḍīva bow and, without hesitation, rushed upon him with sudden speed. The verse underscores the warrior’s immediate, duty-driven response when confronted with a threatening or improper act, where decisive action is taken to restrain harm and uphold order.

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आलक्ष्यhaving observed/seen
आलक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootलक्ष्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
महाबाहुःthe mighty-armed (one)
महाबाहुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कुरूणाम्of the Kurus
कुरूणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
ऋषभःthe bull/chief (best)
ऋषभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋषभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
गाण्डीवम्the Gāṇḍīva (bow)
गाण्डीवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगाण्डीव
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विक्षिपन्brandishing/whirling (it)
विक्षिपन्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-क्षिप्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तूर्णम्swiftly
तूर्णम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्ण
सहसाsuddenly
सहसा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
समुपाद्रवत्ran up/charged
समुपाद्रवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उप-आ-द्रु
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
K
Kuru(s)
G
Gāṇḍīva

Educational Q&A

A kṣatriya’s dharma includes swift, proportionate action when disorder or danger appears; hesitation can enable harm. The verse presents Arjuna’s readiness as an ethical stance: protect dharma by timely intervention.

Vaiśampāyana narrates that Arjuna, noticing someone’s provocative or dangerous behavior, immediately brandishes and twangs his famed bow Gāṇḍīva and charges toward that person.