Mantra 19

Sukta 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

ब्राह्मणेभ्य ऋषभं दत्त्वा वरीयः कृणुते मनः । पुष्टिं सो अघ्न्यानां स्वे गोष्ठेऽव पश्यते

IAST Transliteration

brāhmaṇébhya ṛṣabháṁ datvā́ varī́yaḥ kṛṇute mánaḥ | púṣṭiṁ só aghnyā́nāṁ své goṣṭhé’va páśyate ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Giving the Bull unto the Brahmans, he maketh his mind the more excellent; and thriving of the inviolable kine he plainly sees within his own cowshed.

Word by Word

• ब्राह्मणेभ्यः: to/for the Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणेभ्यः: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋषभम्: a bull (best/foremost one)
• ऋषभम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषभ (प्रातिपदिक)

• दत्त्वा: having given
• दत्त्वा: (क्रियाविशेषण) पूर्वकाल
• Type: Verbal (Gerund)
• Root: दा (धातु) → क्त्वान्त अव्यय (दत्त्वा)

• वरीयः: a better (state/benefit)
• वरीयः: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वरि/वर (प्रातिपदिक) → वरीयस् (तुलनात्मक)

• कृणुते: makes, brings about
• कृणुते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)

• मनः: mind
• मनः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• पुष्टिम्: nourishment, prosperity
• पुष्टिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सः: he
• सः: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अघ्न्यानाम्: of the cows (the ‘not-to-be-killed’ ones)
• अघ्न्यानाम्: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (epithet)
• Root: अघ्न्या (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्वे: in his own
• स्वे: अधिकरण
• Type: Adjective/Pronoun
• Root: स्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• गोष्टे: cowshed, cattle-stall
• गोष्टे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)

• अव: down; closely; indeed (as a particle)
• अव: (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अव (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• पश्यते: sees, beholds
• पश्यते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: पश्/दृश् (धातु; पश्य-आदेश)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasic attribution (per anukramaṇī for AV 9.4).

Devata: Puṣṭi (prosperity) as functional deity; Brahmans as ritual recipients; cattle as sacral wealth.

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; confirm by metrical count).

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From deliberate giving → inner broadening → quiet wonder at visible thriving at home.","listener_experience":"Reassurance that generosity yields stability; gentle confidence and contentment.","intensity":4}