Mantra 4
Sukta 6
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
दुर्णामा च सुनामा चोभा संवृतमिच्छतः । अरायानप हन्मः सुनामा स्त्रैणमिच्छताम्
IAST Transliteration
durṇā́mā ca sunā́mā cobhā́ sáṃvṛtam icchataḥ | arāyā́n ápa hanmaḥ sunā́mā stráiṇam icchatām ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Ill-name and Good-name—both seek the closed-in state. The malign we smite away: let Good-name, womanly good fortune, be for her who would have it.
Word by Word
दुर्णामाthe ill-named one (evil-named person/thing)
दुर्णामा:
Kartā
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootदुर्-नामन् (प्रातिपदिक: ‘दुर्णामन्’)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
सुनामाthe well-named one (good-named person/thing)
सुनामा:
Kartā
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootसु-नामन् (प्रातिपदिक: ‘सुनामन्’)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
उभाboth
उभा:
Kartā
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootउभ (प्रातिपदिक: ‘उभ’)
संवृतम्covered, enclosed
संवृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootसम्+√वृ (वृञ् वरणे) → संवृत (कृदन्त)
इच्छतः(the two) desiring, seeking
इच्छतः:
Kartā
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√इष्/इच्छ् (इच्छायाम्)
अरायान्enemies, hostile beings
अरायान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअराय (प्रातिपदिक: ‘अराय’ = enemy/hostile one)
अपaway, off
अप:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootअप
हन्मःwe strike/kill
हन्मः:
—
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (हिंसायाम्)
सुनामाthe well-named one
सुनामा:
Kartā
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootसु-नामन् (प्रातिपदिक: ‘सुनामन्’)
स्त्रैणम्womanly/feminine (thing/quality)
स्त्रैणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्त्रैण (प्रातिपदिक: ‘स्त्रैण’)
इच्छताम्of those desiring/ seeking
इच्छताम्:
—
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√इष्/इच्छ् (इच्छायाम्)
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition
Devata: Sunāman (Auspicious Name/Good repute) opposed to Durṇāman; arāyas as adversaries
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"From uneasy recognition of competing outcomes to calm, decisive blessing.","listener_experience":"Relief and social reassurance; a sense of being ‘spoken well of’ and protected.","intensity":5}