Mantra 4
Sukta 23
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
रारन्धि सवनेषु ण एषु स्तोमेषु वृत्रहन्। उक्थेष्विन्द्र गिर्वणः
IAST Transliteration
rārándhi sávanēṣu na éṣu stómēṣu vṛtrahan | ukthéṣv índra girvaṇaḥ
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Bestow on us, in these pressings, in these praises, O Vṛtra-slayer—yea, in the ukthas, O Indra, thou lover of song.
Word by Word
रा॒र॒न्धि(thou) grant / bestow / make successful
रा॒र॒न्धि:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Rootरन्ध् (रध्) / √randh
सव॑नेषुin the pressings / at the Soma-rites
सव॑नेषु:
अधिकारण (locative: ‘in/at’)
TypeNoun
Rootसवन (प्रातिपदिकम्) < √सु (सोते) ‘pressing (of Soma)’
नःfor us / our
नः:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (beneficiary/possessor: ‘for us/our’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिकम्)
ए॒षुin these
ए॒षु:
अधिकारण (locative: ‘in/among these’)
TypePronoun (demonstrative)
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिकम्)
स्तोमे॑षुin the hymns / praises
स्तोमे॑षु:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootस्तोम (प्रातिपदिकम्) < √स्तु ‘to praise’
वृत्रहन्O Vṛtra-slayer
वृत्रहन्:
सम्बोधन (addressed deity)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिकम्) = वृत्र + हन् (हनन्) ‘slayer’
उ॒क्थेषुin the recitations / liturgical chants
उ॒क्थेषु:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootउक्थ (प्रातिपदिकम्) < √वच् ‘to speak’ (hymn/recitation)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिकम्)
गिर्वणःO lover of hymns / praised by singers
गिर्वणः:
सम्बोधन
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootगिर्वणस् (प्रातिपदिकम्) = गिर् ‘hymn’ + वणस् ‘delighting/liking’
Attribution
Rishi: Rigvedic source attribution (anukramaṇī needed)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh (verification needed)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"From request to assured empowerment: calling the Vṛtra-slayer to enter the rite.","listener_experience":"Steadying, emboldening; a sense that obstacles can be met with sanctioned power.","intensity":6}