Mantra 2

Sukta 116

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अमन्महीदनाशवोऽनुग्रासश्च वृत्रहन्। सुकृत्सु ते महता शूर राधसानु स्तोमं मुदीमहि

IAST Transliteration

ám anmahīdánāśavo’nugrā́saś ca vṛtrahan | sukṛ́tsu te mahatā́ śūra rā́dhasā́nu stómam mudīmahi

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Yea, unconquered, gracious, O Vṛtra-slayer: among the righteous, O Hero, with thy mighty bounty, in due course we gladden ourselves with a hymn of praise.

Word by Word

• अमन्महीदनाशवः: (they) who are not quickly harmed/checked in their impulse (i.e., unimpeded, unharmed swiftly)
• अमन्महीदनाशवः: Kartā (अनु-ग्रासाः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्) अथवा कर्तृसमूह-विशेषणम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमन्महीदनाशु (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि-समास) = अ- (निषेध) + मन्मही (मन्मथ/मन्मन्-सम्बद्ध ‘उत्साह/प्रेरणा’) + दन (√दन्/√दं ‘to hurt, to bite’ से) + आशु ‘शीघ्र’

• अनुग्रासाः: followers/assailants; those who press on (devour after)
• अनुग्रासाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुग्रास (प्रातिपदिक; अनु- + √ग्रस् ‘to swallow, devour’ → ‘following-devourers/assailants’)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• वृत्रहन्: O Vṛtra-slayer
• वृत्रहन्: सम्बोधन (address)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्र- ‘obstacle/dragon’ + हन् ‘slayer’)

• सुकृत्सु: among the well-doers / among the meritorious
• सुकृत्सु: Adhikaraṇa (locative: ‘among/in’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुकृत् (प्रातिपदिक; सु- + √कृ ‘to do’ → ‘well-doer/merit’)

• ते: of you / your
• ते: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of/for you’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• महता: with great (power/means)
• महता: Karaṇa (instrumental: ‘by/with’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• शूर: O hero
• शूर: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: शूर (प्रातिपदिक)

• राधसा: with bounty / with your gift
• राधसा: Karaṇa (instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राधस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bounty, gift, favor’)

• अनु: after; in accordance; along
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु

• स्तोमम्: praise-hymn
• स्तोमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तोम (प्रातिपदिक; ‘hymn of praise’)

• मुदीमहि: we rejoice / we are glad
• मुदीमहि: Kartā (अस्मदर्थे ‘वयम्’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मुद् (to rejoice, be glad)

Attribution

Rishi: RV provenance (Indra-stuti tradition; AV 20 is a collection of RV hymns/verses in Saunaka)

Devata: Indra (Vṛtrahan)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh/Triṣṭubh-type RV cadence (as transmitted in AV 20; meter should be verified against RV parallel).

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From recognition of Indra’s invincibility to rejoicing in received bounty.","listener_experience":"Confidence, uplift, readiness to act; sense of being backed by a powerful ally.","intensity":7}