Mantra 3
Sukta 108
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
त्वां शुष्मिन् पुरुहूत वाजयन्तमुप ब्रुवे शतक्रतो । स नो रास्व सुवीर्यम्
IAST Transliteration
tvā́ṃ śúṣmin puruhūta vājáyantam úpa bruve śatakrato | sá no rā́sva su-vī́ryam
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Thee, O mighty one, much-invoked, prize-winning, I draw near to address, O Hundred-powered: do thou grant unto us good heroism.
Word by Word
त्वाम्you (as object)
त्वाम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
शुष्मिन्O mighty/energetic one
शुष्मिन्:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootशुष्मिन् (प्रातिपदिक; शुष्म ‘बल/तेज’ से)
पुरुहूतO much-invoked one
पुरुहूत:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootपुरुहूत (प्रातिपदिक; पुरु- ‘बहु’ + हूत ‘आहूत/आह्वात’)
वाजयन्तम्(you) who bestows/impels strength (vāja)
वाजयन्तम्:
कर्म (त्वाम् का विशेषण)
TypeParticiple (present active)
Rootवाजयत् (कृदन्त; √वाजय्/वाज् ‘वाजं प्रेरयति/वाजं जनयति, बल/विजय प्रदान करना’)
उपnear, towards; in address
उप:
क्रियाविशेषण (ब्रुवे के साथ)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
ब्रुवेI speak / I address
ब्रुवे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√ब्रू (वचने)
शतक्रतोO hundred-powered/wise one
शतक्रतो:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootशतक्रतु (प्रातिपदिक; शत ‘शत’ + क्रतु ‘शक्ति/योजना’)
सःhe (i.e., you)
सः:
कर्तृ (रास्व का)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःto us / for us
नः:
सम्प्रदान (दत्तेः)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
रास्वgive (to us)!
रास्व:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√रा (दाने) / √रास् (दाने) वैदिक प्रयोग
सुवीर्यम्excellent heroism/valour, good strength
सुवीर्यम्:
कर्म (रास्व का)
TypeNoun
Rootसुवीर्य (प्रातिपदिक; सु- ‘उत्तम’ + वीर्य ‘वीरता/पराक्रम’)
Attribution
Rishi: RV-derived (not determinable from excerpt alone).
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh-like (exact meter uncertain from excerpt lineation)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From reverent approach to confident request for heroic excellence.","listener_experience":"Uplift, readiness, sharpened focus.","intensity":6}