Mantra 1
Sukta 54
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
कालः। कालादापः समभवन् कालाद् ब्रह्म तपो दिशः । कालेनोदेति सूर्यः काले नि विशते पुनः
IAST Transliteration
kāláḥ | kālā́d ā́paḥ sám abhavan kālā́d bráhma tápo díśaḥ | kālénódeti sū́ryaḥ kālé ní viśate púnaḥ ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Time: from Time the Waters came to be; from Time came Brahman, austere Heat, and the Quarters. By Time the Sun ariseth; in Time he entereth down again.
Word by Word
कालःTime (as the agent/subject)
कालः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
कालात्from Time
कालात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
आपःthe waters
आपः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअप्/आप् (प्रातिपदिक)
सम्together; completely (prefix)
सम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग)
अभवन्came into being; arose
अभवन्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
कालात्from Time
कालात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
ब्रह्मBrahman; sacred power/holy utterance
ब्रह्म:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
तपःausterity; heat (tapas)
तपः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
दिशःthe directions (quarters)
दिशः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदिश् (प्रातिपदिक)
कालेनby/through Time
कालेन:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
उदेतिrises; goes up
उदेति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + इ (धातु)
सूर्यःthe Sun
सूर्यः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
कालेin Time; at the (proper) time
काले:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
निdown; in (prefix)
नि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (उपसर्ग)
विशतेenters; goes in
विशते:
—
TypeVerb
Rootवि + शि/विश् (धातु)
पुनःagain; back
पुनः:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Attribution
Rishi: Late Atharvanic attribution; variable.
Devata: Kāla (with Sūrya/Āpas/Diś as subordinated manifestations).
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh.
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"Naming origins → feeling oriented in space/time → quiet confidence.","listener_experience":"Groundedness, clarity, and trust in daily renewal.","intensity":3}