Mantra 1
Sukta 48
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
रात्रिः। अथो यानि च यस्मा ह यानि चान्तः परीणहि । तानि ते परि दद्मसि
IAST Transliteration
rātríḥ | átho yā́ni ca yásmā ha yā́ni cāntáḥ parīṇáhi | tā́ni te pári dadmasi
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Night. And whatsoever things, from whatever quarter, and whatsoever thou dost encompass within—those we commit unto thee round about.
Word by Word
रात्रिःNight
रात्रिः:
Kartā (सम्बोधन/प्रस्ताव्य-विषयः) अथवा Adhikaraṇa (कालवाचक-प्रसङ्गे)
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि- (प्रातिपदिक) अथवा रात्रि- (स्त्रीलिङ्ग)
अथोand also / moreover
अथो:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ + उ (निपात-संयोग)
यानिwhich (things), whatever
यानि:
Karma (तानि इत्यस्य पूर्व-निर्देशः) / सम्बन्ध-निर्देशः
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
यस्मात्from which / from whom
यस्मात्:
Apādāna (यस्मात् = ‘from which/whence’)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हindeed / verily (Vedic particle)
ह:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootह (वैदिक-निपातः)
यानिwhich (things)
यानि:
Karma (तानि इत्यस्य पूर्व-निर्देशः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
अन्तःwithin, inside
अन्तः:
Adhikaraṇa (अन्तः = ‘within’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्तर्/अन्तः (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थक-शब्द)
परीणहिbind (it) around / fasten around
परीणहि:
Kriyā (आज्ञा: ‘bind/fasten around’)
TypeVerb
Rootपरि- + नह् (धातु: नह् ‘बन्धने’)
तानिthose (things)
तानि:
Karma (दद्मसि इत्यस्य कर्म)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तेto you
ते:
Sampradāna (to you)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
परिaround
परि:
— (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
दद्मसिwe give / we bestow / we place
दद्मसि:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया: ‘we give/place’)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु: दा ‘दाने’)
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (Rātri-hymn complex)
Devata: Rātri
Chandas: Prose-like/irregular (late Atharvanic style; functional liturgy)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":null,"emotional_arc":"Acknowledgment of many possible threats → comprehensive encompassing → calm relinquishment.","listener_experience":"A felt ‘closing of the circle’—the home becomes a sealed, quiet interior.","intensity":2}