Shloka 26

नरकासुरवधः, अदीतिकुण्डल-प्रत्यर्पणम्, तथा भारावतरण-लीला

Devanagari script

त्वं कर्ता च विकर्ता च संहर्ता प्रभवो ऽप्ययः जगतां त्वं जगद्रूपः स्तूयते ऽच्युत किं तव

Transliteration

tvaṃ kartā ca vikartā ca saṃhartā prabhavo 'pyayaḥ jagatāṃ tvaṃ jagadrūpaḥ stūyate 'cyuta kiṃ tava

Translation

Engkaulah pencipta dan pengatur; Engkaulah pelebur, asal mula dunia-dunia dan tempat kembali mereka. Engkaulah wujud alam semesta. Wahai Acyuta, bila seluruh jagat memuji-Mu, apakah pujianku dapat menambah apa pun bagi-Mu?

Word by Word

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Nominative singular

• कर्ता: creator/doer
• कर्ता: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-समाना)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (तृच्-प्रत्यय, agent noun); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Nominative singular

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• विकर्ता: transformer/alterer
• विकर्ता: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-समाना)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वि-कृ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (तृच्-प्रत्यय); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Nominative singular

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• संहर्ता: destroyer
• संहर्ता: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-समाना)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम्-हृ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (तृच्-प्रत्यय); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Nominative singular

• प्रभवः: source/origin
• प्रभवः: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-समाना)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Nominative singular

• अप्ययः: dissolution/withdrawal
• अप्ययः: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-समाना)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्यय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Nominative singular

• जगताम्: of worlds/of beings
• जगताम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन — Genitive plural

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Nominative singular

• जगद्रूपः: having the form of the universe
• जगद्रूपः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जगत् (प्रातिपदिक) + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘जगतः रूपम्’); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Nominative singular

• स्तूयते: is praised
• स्तूयते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्तु (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (वर्तमान/Present); प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive) — ‘is praised’

• अच्युत: O Acyuta
• अच्युत: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अच्युत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन-प्रथमा, एकवचन — Vocative singular

• किम्: what
• किम्: Karma (Interrogative object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Nom./Acc. singular (interrogative)

• तव: of you/your
• तव: Sambandha (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Genitive singular

Speaker

A devotee-sage offering a stuti within Parasara’s narration to Maitreya (hymnic praise embedded in the dialogue)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Teaching: Philosophical

Quality: authoritative

Cosmological Context

Creation Stage: Kalpa

Cosmic Hierarchy: Brahmanda (universe)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Vishnu (Acyuta) is simultaneously the efficient and material cause—creator, arranger, dissolver, source and refuge—pervading the universe as its form.

Vedantic Theme: Brahman

Application: Cultivate humility and surrender: let praise become recognition of the Divine as the ground of all becoming and dissolution, reducing egoic doership.

Vishishtadvaita: Affirms qualified non-dualism: the world is real as Bhagavān’s body (jagadrūpa), while He remains the unfallen Acyuta, transcendent yet immanent as antaryāmin.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Para-Brahman

Bhakti Type: Shanta

Antaryamin: Yes

Jagat Karana: Yes

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu (Acyuta)

FAQs

What is the significance of Vishnu being called both creator and dissolver in the Vishnu Purana?

This verse frames Vishnu as the single sovereign principle behind origination, ordering, and re-absorption of the cosmos—establishing Him as the ultimate cause and controller of universal cycles.

How does Sage Parasara explain the concept of the universe being Vishnu’s form (jagadrūpa)?

In the Purana’s theological style, the world is not independent of Vishnu: it exists within His power and as an expression of Him, supporting a view of divine immanence while preserving His supremacy.

What is the theological importance of addressing Vishnu as Acyuta here?

Acyuta (“the unfailing/imperishable”) highlights that Vishnu is not enhanced by praise nor diminished by silence—devotion benefits the devotee, while the Lord remains eternally complete and sovereign.