Vamana Purana — Ritadhvaja Aids Galava, Shloka 25

Ritadhvaja’s Aid to Galava and Andhaka’s Infatuation with Gauri

Devanagari script

मा मैवं वद दैत्येन्द्र जगतो जननी त्वियम् लोकनाथस्य भार्योयं शङ्करस्य त्रिशूलिनः

Transliteration

mā maivaṃ vada daityendra jagato jananī tviyam lokanāthasya bhāryoyaṃ śaṅkarasya triśūlinaḥ

Translation

Wahai raja para Daitya, jangan berkata demikian. Engkau bagaikan ibu bagi jagat. Perempuan ini adalah istri Śaṅkara, Penguasa dunia, sang pembawa trisula.

Word by Word

• mā: do not
• mā: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: mā (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय; आज्ञार्थे (prohibitive particle, used with imperative)

• mā: do not
• mā: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: mā (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय; पुनरुक्ति (repetition for emphasis)

• evam: thus / like this
• evam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb)

• vada: speak
• vada: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vad (वद् धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• daitya-indra: O lord of the Daityas
• daitya-indra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daitya (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th case), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास

• jagataḥ: of the world
• jagataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jagat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case), एकवचन

• jananī: mother
• jananī: Pradhāna (विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jananī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• tu: indeed / but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/विरोधार्थक-अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)

• iyam: this (she)
• iyam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• loka-nāthasya: of the lord of the world
• loka-nāthasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka (प्रातिपदिक) + nātha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास

• bhāryā: wife
• bhāryā: Pradhāna (विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• iyam: this (she)
• iyam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• śaṅkarasya: of Śaṅkara (Śiva)
• śaṅkarasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaṅkara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• triśūlinaḥ: of the trident-bearer
• triśūlinaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: triśūlin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; विशेषण-रूपेण (epithet agreeing with śaṅkarasya)

Speakers

• An admonisher (a counselor/attendant figure in the narrative) addressing the Daitya-king (Andhaka)

Primary Deities

• Shiva (Śaṅkara, Triśūlin)

Key Themes

• Dharma (restraint and right conduct)
• Condemnation of paradāra (coveting another’s spouse)
• Protection of cosmic order through moral admonition

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

Why is the Daitya addressed as “mother of the world” (jagato jananī)?

It is a rhetorical, dharma-oriented rebuke: even a powerful ruler should behave as a universal guardian, like a parent, not as a predator. The epithet heightens the shame of the intended transgression.

Who is “the Lord of the worlds” (lokanātha) in this verse?

Here it refers to Śiva, explicitly identified as Śaṅkara and triśūlin (trident-bearer), underscoring that the woman being spoken of is under Śiva’s protection as his consort.

What ethical principle is being asserted?

That desire directed toward another’s spouse (paradāra) is adharma and a direct affront to the cosmic sovereign (here, Śiva), inviting ruin for the offender and disorder in society.