Vamana Purana — Akhanda Ekadashi Vrata, Shloka 66

Akhaṇḍa-Ekādaśī Vrata and the Vaiṣṇava Protective Hymn; Prelude to the Kātyāyanī–Mahiṣāsura Narrative

Devanagari script

नमरो नाम विख्यातो महाबलपराक्रमः यक्षानाश्रित्य तस्थौ स कालयन् श्वापदान् मुन्

Transliteration

namaro nāma vikhyāto mahābalaparākramaḥ yakṣānāśritya tasthau sa kālayan śvāpadān mun

Translation

Seorang Daitya bernama Namara, termasyhur karena kekuatan dan keberaniannya yang besar, berdiri dengan bersandar pada para Yakṣa, wahai resi, sambil melahap binatang-binatang liar.

Word by Word

• नमरः: Namara (name of a being)
• नमरः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• नाम: by name / called
• नाम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/labeling)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; नाम-शब्दः ‘called/namely’ इत्यर्थे (particle of naming)

• विख्यातः: renowned
• विख्यातः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-ख्यात (कृदन्त; √ख्या धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• महाबलपराक्रमः: of great strength and valor
• महाबलपराक्रमः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाबल + पराक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—कर्मधारयः (महान् बलः च पराक्रमः च यस्य)

• यक्षान्: yakṣas
• यक्षान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• आश्रित्य: having resorted to / relying on
• आश्रित्य: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/gerundial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ-श्रि (कृदन्त; √श्रि धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्यय-प्रयोगः; ‘having resorted to’

• तस्थौ: stood / remained
• तस्थौ: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्था (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• कालयन्: driving away / impelling
• कालयन्: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कालय (कृदन्त; √कल्/√काल् causative)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ/Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘while driving/impelling’

• श्वापदान्: wild beasts / carnivores
• श्वापदान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वापद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• मुनि: O sage
• मुनि: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (8th/Vocative), एकवचन; (पाठे ‘मुन्’ = मुनि)

Speakers

• Narrator addressing 'mune' (O sage); specific interlocutors not given in input

Key Themes

• Daitya polity/violence
• Yakṣa alliances
• Local myth linked to tīrtha

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Power (bala-parākrama) without dharma expresses as predation; the verse frames tyranny as a distortion of kṣatra-energy, warning that alliances (āśraya) with the strong do not sanctify adharma.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

Vamśānucarita/Carita-type episodic history of beings (Daitya figure) embedded in a place-glorification narrative; it supplies etiological background for later tīrtha-phala or local rites.

What is the symbolic significance?

Namara’s 'reliance on Yakṣas' symbolizes worldly dependence and coercive power; consuming śvāpadāḥ (beasts) reflects a descent into raw appetite—an inversion of the ascetic ideal often associated with tīrtha.