Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 163

Devanagari script

तेजसा भासयंती तमध ऊर्ध्वं दिशो दश । दृष्ट्वा नारीं गुहः प्राह कासि कस्माच्च निर्गता

Transliteration

tejasā bhāsayaṃtī tamadha ūrdhvaṃ diśo daśa | dṛṣṭvā nārīṃ guhaḥ prāha kāsi kasmācca nirgatā

Translation

Dengan sinarnya ia menerangi sepuluh penjuru, atas dan bawah; demikianlah perempuan itu tampak. Melihatnya, Guha berkata: “Siapakah engkau, dan dari mana engkau muncul?”

Word by Word

• तेजसा: by (her) radiance
• तेजसा: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• भासयन्ती: illuminating
• भासयन्ती: Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भास् (धातु) + णिच् (causative) + शतृ (प्रत्यय) → भासयन्त् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (Present active participle/शतृ), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); नारी इति विशेषणम्

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• अधः: below
• अधः: Desha (Direction/देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधः (अव्यय)
• Form: दिग्वाचक-अव्यय (indeclinable of direction)

• ऊर्ध्वम्: above
• ऊर्ध्वम्: Desha (Direction/देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ऊर्ध्वम् (अव्यय)
• Form: दिग्वाचक-अव्यय (indeclinable of direction)

• दिशः: directions
• दिशः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• दश: ten
• दश: Karma (Object-qualifier/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दशन्/दश (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्या (numeral used adjectivally), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural); दिशः इति विशेषणम्

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दृश् (धातु) + त्वा (प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)

• नारीम्: the woman
• नारीम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नारी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• गुहः: Guha
• गुहः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• प्राह: said
• प्राह: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आह्/अह् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपदम्

• का: who (female)
• का: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• असि: are
• असि: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपदम्

• कस्मात्: from where; from what (cause)
• कस्मात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक (Masc/Neut), पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• निर्गता: come out; emerged
• निर्गता: Karta (Subject-complement/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर्-गम् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय) → निर्गत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (Past participle/क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); (असि) इति क्रियापदस्य पूरक-विशेषणम्

Speaker

Narrator (within Māheśvarakhaṇḍa frame), reporting Guha’s words

Characters & Entities

• Guha
• Kumāra
• Śakti (as a radiant woman)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Divine power (śakti) is self-revealing and unmistakable; the righteous hero recognizes and inquires into its origin and purpose.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No specific tīrtha is named in this verse; it is a narrative moment within the Kaumārikākhaṇḍa focusing on Skanda’s dharmic combat.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None in this shloka; it introduces a dialogue and the manifestation of Śakti.