Shloka 12

रावणान्तःपुर-पानभूमि-विचयः

Hanumān’s Survey of Rāvaṇa’s Inner Palace and Banquet Hall

Devanagari script

रौक्मेषु च विशालेषु भाजनेष्वर्धभक्षितान्।।5.11.12।।ददर्श हरिशार्दूलो मयूरान् कुक्कुटांस्तथा।

Transliteration

raukmeṣu ca viśāleṣu bhājaneṣv ardhabhakṣitān |

dadarśa hariśārdūlo mayūrān kukkuṭāṃs tathā ||5.11.12||

Translation

Sang harimau di antara para kera melihat, dalam bejana-bejana emas yang besar, burung merak dan ayam—sebagian telah dimakan setengahnya.

Word by Word

• रौक्मेषु: in golden (ones)
• रौक्मेषु: अधिकरण (Locative: location/setting)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रौक्म (प्रातिपदिक) < रुक्म (स्वर्ण) + अण्
• Form: विशेषणम्; नपुंसकलिङ्गे (भाजनेषु इति विशेष्ये); सप्तमी-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम्; अर्थः—'स्वर्णमयेṣu/हिरण्मयेṣu' (locative plural neuter agreeing with 'भाजनेषु')

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction: 'and')

• विशालेषु: in large (ones)
• विशालेषु: अधिकरण (Locative: location/setting)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विशाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषणम्; नपुंसकलिङ्गे (भाजनेषु इति विशेष्ये); सप्तमी-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् (locative plural neuter agreeing with 'भाजनेषु')

• भाजनेषु: in vessels
• भाजनेषु: अधिकरण (Locative: location/setting)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाजन (प्रातिपदिक) < √भज् (धातु) + ल्युट्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; सप्तमी-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् (locative plural: 'in vessels/containers')

• अर्धभक्षितान्: half-eaten
• अर्धभक्षितान्: कर्म (Object-complement/qualifier of the object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अर्ध + भक्षित (कृदन्त; √भक्ष् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: समासः—तत्पुरुषः (अर्धं भक्षिताः इति); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त-भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त-विशेषणम्; पुल्लिङ्गे; द्वितीया-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् (accusative plural masculine; qualifies 'मयूरान्' तथा 'कुक्कुटान्')

• ददर्श: saw
• ददर्श: क्रिया (verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृश् (धातु) — लिट्-लकारः (परस्मैपदम्)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (परोक्शभूत/Perfect); प्रथम-पुरुषः; एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम् (he saw)

• हरिशार्दूलः: the tiger among vanaras (Hanuman)
• हरिशार्दूलः: कर्ता (Agent/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि + शार्दूल (प्रातिपदिक-द्वयम्)
• Form: समासः—तत्पुरुषः (हरिणां शार्दूलः = 'tiger among monkeys'); पुल्लिङ्गम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (nominative singular: subject)

• मयूरान्: peacocks
• मयूरान्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मयूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्गम्; द्वितीया-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् (accusative plural: object)

• कुक्कुटान्: cocks/chickens
• कुक्कुटान्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुक्कुट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्गम्; द्वितीया-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् (accusative plural: object)

• तथा: also/likewise
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; प्रकार/समुच्चयार्थक-क्रियाविशेषणम् (adverb: 'also/likewise')

Context

The tiger among vanaras also saw there meat of peacocks and chicken placed in large golden vessels, some half eaten.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• pānabhūmi (drinking-hall)
• Rāvaṇa (implied by palace ownership)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The depiction of excess functions as a moral backdrop: dharma is not indulgence but measured living guided by truth and duty. The half-eaten food suggests careless consumption—an ethical contrast to disciplined conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān continues inspecting the drinking-hall and notes the opulent serving ware and the food left partly consumed.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Non-attachment: Hanumān’s mind does not wander to enjoyment; he remains committed to the search.