Shloka 31

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

इति विद्याधराः श्रुत्वा वचस्तेषां महात्मनाम्।तमप्रमेयं ददृशुः पर्वते वानरर्षभम्।।।।

Transliteration

iti vidyādharāḥ śrutvā vacas teṣāṃ mahātmanām | tam aprameyaṃ dadṛśuḥ parvate vānararṣabham ||

Translation

Mendengar ucapan para mahātmā itu, para Vidyādhara pun melihatnya di atas gunung: Hanumān, banteng di antara para Vānara, tak terukur dalam daya.

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; वाक्यसमाप्तिसूचक/उद्धरणार्थक (particle/quotative)

• विद्याधराः: the Vidyādharas
• विद्याधराः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्याधर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); बहुवचन (Plural). समासः—विद्या + धर (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: 'विद्यां धरति')

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); 'having heard'

• वचः: the words/speech
• वचः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन (Singular)

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive); बहुवचन (Plural)

• महात्मनाम्: of the great-souled ones
• महात्मनाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (6th/Genitive); बहुवचन (Plural). समासः—महत् + आत्मन् (कर्मधारयः: 'महान् आत्मा यस्य')

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन (Singular)

• अप्रमेयम्: immeasurable
• अप्रमेयम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अप्रमेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (qualifier)

• ददृशुः: saw
• ददृशुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); बहुवचन (Plural)

• पर्वते: on the mountain
• पर्वते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th/Locative); एकवचन (Singular)

• वानरर्षभम्: the bull among monkeys (Hanumān)
• वानरर्षभम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर + ऋषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन (Singular). समासः—वानराणाम् ऋषभः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः)

Context

The vidyadharas heard the sages speaking in that manner on the mountain. They beheld Hanuman, the bull among vanaras, whose strength was beyond measure.

Characters & Entities

• Vidyādharas
• Hanumān
• Mountain (Mahendra implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is upheld by discerning and honoring the righteous agent—recognition of virtue encourages moral action and strengthens communal faith in truth.

What is the narrative situation?

After hearing the celestial praise, the Vidyādharas look down and see Hanumān poised on the mountain.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Aparimita-bala (immeasurable strength) joined to purpose—Hanumān is portrayed as the foremost among his kind, fit for a dharmic mission.