Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 1, Shloka 47

श्रीमद्रामायणकथासङ्क्षेपः / The Ramayana in Synopsis

Narada’s Summary to Valmiki

Devanagari script

ततश्शूर्पणखावाक्यादुद्युक्तान्सर्वराक्षसान् ।खरं त्रिशिरसं चैव दूषणं चैव राक्षसम् ।।।।निजघान वने रामस्तेषां चैव पदानुगान् ।

Transliteration

tataḥ śūrpaṇakhāvākyād udyuktān sarvarākṣasān | kharaṃ triśirasaṃ caiva dūṣaṇaṃ caiva rākṣasam | nijaghāna vane rāmas teṣāṃ caiva padānugān || 1.1.47 ||

Translation

Kemudian, karena kata-kata Śūrpaṇakhā yang menghasut, semua rākṣasa bangkit untuk bertempur; di hutan itu Śrī Rāma menewaskan Khara, Triśiras, Dūṣaṇa, beserta para pengikut mereka.

Word by Word

• वने: in the forest
• वने: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तस्मिन्: in that
• तस्मिन्: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• निवसता: by the one dwelling
• निवसता: Karana/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-वस् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'by/while dwelling'

• जनस्थान-निवासिनाम्: of the residents of Janasthana
• जनस्थान-निवासिनाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनस्थान (प्रातिपदिक) + निवासिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषः (जनस्थाने निवसन्ति)

• रक्षसाम्: of the rakshasas
• रक्षसाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (क्वचित् पुंवत्), षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• निहतानि: slain
• निहतानि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-हन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; 'slain'

• आसन्: were
• आसन्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• सहस्राणि: thousands
• सहस्राणि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; संख्यावाचक-नाम

• चतुर्दश: fourteen
• चतुर्दश: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/quantifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चतुर्दश (अव्यय/संख्या)
• Form: संख्यावाचक-अव्यय (numeral used indeclinably)

Context

Thereafter Rama killed in the fight all the rakshasas, Khara, Trisira, and Dushana with their followers in a battle who were instigated by Surpanakha's words.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Śūrpaṇakhā
• Khara
• Triśiras
• Dūṣaṇa
• rākṣasas
• forest (vana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Force is employed as a last-resort instrument of dharma: violence used to stop violence and restore safety for sages and the innocent.

What is the narrative situation?

After Śūrpaṇakhā incites them, Khara and other rākṣasas attack; Rāma defeats them along with their retinue.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Courage aligned with restraint—Rāma fights not for conquest but to neutralize a threat to dharmic order.