Shloka 10

Devanagari script

ततो नालीकनाराचैस्तीक्ष्णाग्रैश्च विकर्णिभिः।आजघान खरो रामं तोत्रैरिव महाद्विपम्।।।।

Transliteration

tato nālīkanārācais tīkṣṇāgraiś ca vikarṇibhiḥ | ājaghāna kharo rāmaṃ totrair iva mahādvipam ||3.28.10||

Translation

Kemudian Khara menghantam Rāma dengan nālīka-dart serta peluru vikarṇi yang berujung tajam, bagaikan goad yang menusuk gajah besar agar maju.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then/thereafter
• tataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable adverb): 'thereafter/then'

• nālīka-nārācaiḥ: with nālīka and nārāca darts
• nālīka-nārācaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nālīka (प्रातिपदिक) + nārāca (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण/Instrumental), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास (copulative): 'nālīka and nārāca (darts)'

• tīkṣṇa-agraiḥ: with sharp-pointed (ones)
• tīkṣṇa-agraiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tīkṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + agra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय-समास: 'sharp-pointed' (agreeing with śaraiḥ/bāṇaiḥ implied)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction): 'and'

• vikarṇibhiḥ: with vikarṇin (darts)
• vikarṇibhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vikarṇin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचन; 'vikarṇin' नामक-शरविशेषैः (by darts called vikarṇin)

• ājaghāna: struck/assailed
• ājaghāna: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: han (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; उपसर्ग: आ-; 'struck/assailed'

• kharaḥ: Khara
• kharaḥ: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: khara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन

• rāmam: Rama
• rāmam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन

• totraiḥ: with goads
• totraiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: totra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचन; 'with goads'

• iva: like
• iva: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (upamā-particle): 'like/as'

• mahā-dvipam: a mighty elephant
• mahā-dvipam: Upameya/Upamāna (उपमेय/उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + dvipa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास: 'a great elephant' (object of comparison)

Context

Then Khara shot Rama with Nalika darts and darts called Vikarni like goads hit a mighty elephant.

Characters & Entities

• Khara
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse illustrates coercive force: goad-like violence attempts to dominate; Dharma contrasts such compulsion with protection and just restraint.

What is the narrative situation?

Khara personally enters the fight and assaults Rāma with specialized, sharp projectiles.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Khara’s fierce aggression and persistence in battle (a strength used for an unrighteous end).