Shloka 19

जटायुस्संवादः — Encounter with Jaṭāyu and the Genealogy of Beings

Aranyakanda 14

Devanagari script

उलूकाञ्जनयत्क्रौञ्ची भासी भासान्व्यजायत।।3.14.18।।श्येनी श्येनांश्च गृध्रांश्च व्यजायत सुतेजसः।धृतराष्ट्रीतु हंसांश्च कलहंसांश्च सर्वशः।।3.14.19।।

Transliteration

śyenī śyenāṃś ca gṛdhrāṃś ca vyajāyata sutejasaḥ |

dhṛtarāṣṭrī tu haṃsāṃś ca kalahaṃsāṃś ca sarvaśaḥ ||3.14.19||

Translation

Śyenī melahirkan elang-elang dan burung nasar yang bercahaya oleh ketajaman dayanya; dan Dhṛtarāṣṭrī, dari segala jenis, melahirkan angsa- angsa serta kalahaṃsa yang bersuara merdu.

Word by Word

• चक्रवाकान्: cakravāka-birds
• चक्रवाकान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्रवाक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• भद्रम्: welfare/good
• भद्रम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Benediction)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular), आशीर्वादार्थक प्रयोग (benedictive usage: 'good/welfare')

• ते: to you/for you
• ते: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/4th), एकवचन (Singular)

• विजज्ञे: gave birth to/produced
• विजज्ञे: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), आत्मनेपद (Atmanepada), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• सा: she
• सा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Addition)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (also)

• भामिनी: the fair lady
• भामिनी: Visheshana (विशेषण/Epithet of सा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भामिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular), सम्बोधन/विशेषणार्थे (as epithet: 'fair lady')

• शुकी: Śukī
• शुकी: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुकी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• नताम्: Natā
• नताम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• विजज्ञे: gave birth to
• विजज्ञे: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), आत्मनेपद (Atmanepada), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• तु: indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), विशेषार्थक (but/indeed)

• नतायाः: of Natā
• नतायाः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• विनता: Vinatā
• विनता: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विनता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• सुता: daughter
• सुता: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular), अप्पोजिशन (apposition to विनता)

Context

Seeing the bird on the banyan tree, venerable Rama and Lakshmana mistook him for a demon and enquired who he was.

Characters & Entities

• Dhṛtarāṣṭrī
• gṛdhra (vulture)
• haṃsa (swan)
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as ordered knowledge: the world is understood through truthful categorization and remembrance of origins.

What is the narrative situation?

The speaker continues listing the descendants of Tāmra’s daughters, now detailing Śyenī and Dhṛtarāṣṭrī.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Commitment to satya (truthfulness) in teaching: the speaker provides a systematic account for the listener’s understanding.