Shloka 17

Glory of Āśvina Pūrṇimā and Dvādaśī Gifts: Bhakti, Proper Giving, and a Redemption Narrative

Devanagari script

आगतास्तं समानेतुं यमस्यतु निकेतनम् । बद्ध्वा निन्युश्च तं दृष्ट्वा पृष्टवान्सचिवं यमः

Transliteration

āgatāstaṃ samānetuṃ yamasyatu niketanam | baddhvā ninyuśca taṃ dṛṣṭvā pṛṣṭavānsacivaṃ yamaḥ

Translation

Mereka datang untuk membawanya ke kediaman Yama; setelah mengikatnya, mereka menyeretnya pergi. Melihatnya, Yama bertanya kepada pelayannya.

Word by Word

• आगताः: (they) came/arrived
• आगताः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-गम् (धातु) → आगत (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; ‘having come/arrived’ (participial, used predicatively)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• समानेतुम्: to bring (him)
• समानेतुम्: Prayojana (Purpose/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-नी (धातु) → समानेतुम् (तुमुन्)
• Form: तुमुनन्त (infinitive), ‘to bring/lead together’

• यमस्य: of Yama
• यमस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन

• तु: indeed; but
• तु: Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधान/विरोधार्थक (particle: ‘but/indeed’)

• निकेतनम्: abode; dwelling
• निकेतनम्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निकेतन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• बद्ध्वा: having bound (him)
• बद्ध्वा: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: बन्ध् (धातु) → बद्ध्वा (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), ‘having bound’

• निन्युः: they led (him)
• निन्युः: Kriya (Main action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नी (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/परोक्षभूत), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen (him)
• दृष्ट्वा: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु) → दृष्ट्वा (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), ‘having seen’

• पृष्टवान्: asked
• पृष्टवान्: Kriya (Main action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रच्छ् (धातु) → पृष्टवत् (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्तवत्), पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘having asked/asked’

• सचिवम्: the minister/secretary
• सचिवम्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सचिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• यमः: Yama
• यमः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

Speaker

Narrator (third-person narration); Yama speaks at the end by questioning his attendant.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: आगताः+तम् → आगतास्तम् (विसर्ग-लोप/सन्धि); यमस्य+तु → यमस्यतु (स्वर-सन्धि/पदसन्धि); निन्युः+च → निन्युश्च (विसर्ग-लोप/श्च) ; पृष्टवान्+सचिवम् → पृष्टवान्सचिवम् (न्+स → न्स)

Characters & Entities

• Yama

FAQs

Who are the ones that come to bring him to Yama’s abode?

The verse implies Yama’s agents (often understood as Yamadūtas) who escort the deceased to Yama’s dwelling for judgment.

What ethical idea is conveyed by being taken to Yama’s abode?

It reflects karmic accountability: actions lead to consequences, and the soul is brought before a moral order represented by Yama.

Why does Yama question his attendant upon seeing him?

The narrative sets up an inquiry into the person’s identity and deeds—typical of Purāṇic depictions of post-death examination and judgment.