Shloka 24

Adhyaya 89 — The Wrath of Shumbha and Nishumbha and the Fall of Nishumbha

Sanskrit

सिंहनादेन शुम्भस्य व्याप्तं लोकत्रयान्तaram् ।

निर्घातनिः स्वनो घोरो जितवानवनिपते ॥

Transliteration

siṃhanādena śumbhasya vyāptaṃ lokatrayāntaram / nirghātaniḥ svano ghoro jitavānavanīpate

Translation

Wahai raja, auman Śumbha bagaikan singa memenuhi ruang langit di dalam tiga dunia—gema mengerikan dan menggelegar, seolah-olah ia telah menaklukkan segalanya.

Word by Word

• siṃha-nādena: by a lion-roar
• siṃha-nādena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: siṃha (प्रातिपदिक) + nāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Instrumental), Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी: 'lion’s roar')

• śumbhasya: of Śumbha
• śumbhasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śumbha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (Genitive/षष्ठी), Ekavacana

• vyāptam: was pervaded; filled
• vyāptam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi√āp (धातु)
• Form: Kta-pratyaya (Past passive participle/क्त), Napuṃsakaliṅga (Neuter/नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Prathamā/Accusative (1/2) Ekavacana; agrees with lokatrayāntaram

• loka-traya-antaram: the expanse of the three worlds
• loka-traya-antaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka (प्रातिपदिक) + traya (प्रातिपदिक) + antara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative), Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa: 'the interior/space of the three worlds'

• nirghāta-niḥsvanaḥ: a thunderous sound
• nirghāta-niḥsvanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nirghāta (प्रातिपदिक) + niḥsvana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Karmadhāraya: 'a thunder-like sound'

• ghoraḥ: terrible
• ghoraḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ghora (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; qualifying niḥsvanaḥ

• jitavān: has conquered; has prevailed
• jitavān: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ji (धातु)
• Form: Kṛdanta: Ktavat-pratyaya (Perfect participle/क्तवत्), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicative (he has conquered/has won)

• avanīpate: O king
• avanīpate: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: avanīpati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Sambodhana (Vocative/सम्बोधन), Ekavacana

Speakers

• Narratorial addressing a king (avanipati) within the Purāṇic telling

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Śumbha
• Devī (contextual opponent)

Shakti Aspects

• Context remains Devī vs Śumbha; emphasis on Śumbha’s intimidation

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Asuric intimidation
• Three worlds (lokatraya)
• Sound imagery

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Adharma often projects dominance through noise and spectacle. The Purāṇic lesson is to discern true sovereignty (rooted in dharma) from performative intimidation.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

A narrative exemplum within purāṇic history (ākhyāna), not a sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa listing.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘roar filling the three worlds’ can symbolize ego’s claim over waking, dreaming, and deep states—until the Devī (awareness) dislodges it.