Shloka 4

Adhyaya 80 — Raktabija

Sanskrit

रामो व्यासो गालवश्च दीप्तिमान्कृप एव च ।

ऋष्यशृङ्गस्तथा द्रोणस्तत्र सप्तर्षयोऽभवन् ॥

Transliteration

rāmo vyāso gālavaś ca dīptimān kṛpa eva ca / ṛṣyaśṛṅgas tathā droṇas tatra saptarṣayo ’bhavan

Translation

Di sana terdapat Tujuh Resi: Rama, Vyasa, Galava, Diptiman, Kripa, Risyasringa, dan Drona.

Word by Word

• रामः: Rāma
• रामः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• व्यासः: Vyāsa
• व्यासः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• गालवः: Gālava
• गालवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गालव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• दीप्तिमान्: Dīptimān (the radiant one)
• दीप्तिमान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दीप्तिमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त (possessive)

• कृपः: Kṛpa
• कृपः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (particle of emphasis)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• ऋष्यशृङ्गः: Ṛṣyaśṛṅga
• ऋष्यशृङ्गः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋष्य-शृङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, प्रकार/समुच्चयार्थ (adverb: likewise/also)

• द्रोणः: Droṇa
• द्रोणः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (locative adverb: there)

• सप्तर्षयः: the seven sages
• सप्तर्षयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सप्त-ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Plural); द्विगु-समास (numeral compound)

• अभवन्: were/became
• अभवन्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

Speakers

• Narrative voice within the Purāṇic manvantara account (speaker not explicit in this verse)

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Manvantara chronology
• Genealogy and offices (Saptarṣi)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Purāṇic cosmology presents dharma as safeguarded in each age by appointed seers (Saptarṣi). The continuity of ṛṣi-lineages implies that spiritual authority is periodically re-established to preserve Vedic order.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Manvantara: this verse lists the Saptarṣis assigned to a particular manvantara, a standard element of manvantara-description in Purāṇas.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘Seven Sages’ symbolize the stable transmission of śruti-smṛti wisdom through cosmic cycles—seven as a completeness-number (sapta) marking a full set of guiding principles for an age.